Allow specification of semantic predicates.

These changes allow users to prefix an action with %? to indicate that it
is a semantic predicate---an expression that is evaluated immediately (not
deferred, even in GLR nondeterministic mode) and causes a syntax error if
false.  In GLR parsers, this has the effect of killing one of a set of
split-off parses, just as would an ordinary syntax error.

Changelog:

    * NEWS: Describe new semantic-predicate feature.
    * data/c.m4 (b4_predicate_case): New definition.
    * data/java.m4 (b4_predicate_case): New definition.
    * data/glr.c (yyimmediate): Add definition.
    (yydoAction): Remove comment, now obsolete.
    Do YY_REDUCE_PRINT here.
    (yyglrReduce): Alter comment to indicate that semantic values
    need not be deferred.
    Remove YY_REDUCE_PRINT from here; done in yydoAction.
    (yyprocessOneStack): Pass immediate flag.
    Delete stacks rejected by predicates in newly split-off parsers.
    Change handling of yyerr so that only current stack gets deleted
    when semantic predicate fails.
    (yyfillin): Don't crash if a semantic value is unresolved (as may
    happen in predicate rules).
    Copy lr state as well in debugging mode.
    Update comment on setting of yysval to include yyloc as well.
    (yy_reduce_print): Add yynormal argument.  Perform fillin properly.
    Report unresolved RHS values.
    (yyimmediate): New table.
    * src/gram.h (struct rule): Add is_predicate field.
    * src/output.c (user_actions_output): Use b4_predicate_case for
    predicates.
    (prepare_symbols): Output yyimmediate.
    * src/scan-gram.l: Add %? token, SC_PREDICATE state.
    * src/scan-code.l (code_props_rule_action_init): Add is_predicate
    argument.
    * src/scan-code.h (struct code_props): Add is_predicate field.
    (code_props_rule_action_init): New interface.
    * src/parse-gram.y (%?{...}): New token.
    (rhs): Add %?{...} rule.
    * src/parse-gram.c: Regenerate.
    * src/parse-gram.h: Regenerate.
    * src/reader.c (grammar_current_rule_action_append): Add
    immediate argument.
    (grammar_midrule_action): Use new interface for
    code_props_rule_action_init.
    (grammar_current_rule_action_append): Ditto.
    (packgram): Transfer is_predicate value.
    * src/reader.h (grammar_current_rule_action_append): New interface.
    * doc/bison.texinfo: Document semantic predicates (%?).

    * data/glr.c (yylhsNonterm, yyisDefaultedState,yyDefaultAction)
    (yygetLRActions,yynewGLRStackItem,yyaddDeferredAction,yyinitStateSet)
    (yyinitGLRStack,yyexpandGLRStack,yyupdateSplit,yymarkStackDeleted)
    (yyundeleteLastStack,yyglrShift,yyglrShiftDefer,yydoAction,yyglrReduce)
    (yyidenticalOptions,yymergeOptionSets,yyresolveStates,yyresolveAction)
    (yyresolveLocations,yyresolveValue,yyreducePrint): Update parameter
    names in comments and mention all parameters.
    (struct yyGLRState): Fix description of yyposn field.
    (yyresolveLocations): Correct comment so as not to imply action when
    yyn1==0.

src/output.c

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ prepare_symbols (void)
 
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------.
 | Prepare the muscles related to the rules: r1, r2, rline, dprec, |
-| merger.                                                         |
+| merger, immediate.                                              |
 `----------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 static void
@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ prepare_rules (void)
   unsigned int *r2 = xnmalloc (nrules, sizeof *r2);
   int *dprec = xnmalloc (nrules, sizeof *dprec);
   int *merger = xnmalloc (nrules, sizeof *merger);
+  int *immediate = xnmalloc (nrules, sizeof *immediate);
 
   rule_number r;
   for (r = 0; r < nrules; ++r)
@@ -229,6 +230,8 @@ prepare_rules (void)
       dprec[r] = rules[r].dprec;
       /* Merger-function index (GLR).  */
       merger[r] = rules[r].merger;
+      /* Immediate reduction flags (GLR).  */
+      immediate[r] = rules[r].is_predicate;
     }
 
   muscle_insert_unsigned_int_table ("rline", rline, 0, 0, nrules);
@@ -236,6 +239,7 @@ prepare_rules (void)
   muscle_insert_unsigned_int_table ("r2", r2, 0, 0, nrules);
   muscle_insert_int_table ("dprec", dprec, 0, 0, nrules);
   muscle_insert_int_table ("merger", merger, 0, 0, nrules);
+  muscle_insert_int_table ("immediate", immediate, 0, 0, nrules);
 
   MUSCLE_INSERT_INT ("rules_number", nrules);
   MUSCLE_INSERT_INT ("max_left_semantic_context", max_left_semantic_context);
@@ -349,8 +353,9 @@ user_actions_output (FILE *out)
   for (r = 0; r < nrules; ++r)
     if (rules[r].action)
       {
-	fprintf (out, "b4_case(%d, [b4_syncline(%d, ", r + 1,
-		 rules[r].action_location.start.line);
+	fprintf (out, "b4_%scase(%d, [b4_syncline(%d, ",
+		 rules[r].is_predicate ? "predicate_" : "",
+		 r + 1, rules[r].action_location.start.line);
 	escaped_output (out, rules[r].action_location.start.file);
 	fprintf (out, ")\n[    %s]])\n\n", rules[r].action);
       }