RGBASM(1)

NAME
rgbasm - Game Boy assembler

SYNOPSIS
rgbasm [-EhVvw] [-b chars] [-D name[=value]] [-g chars] [-I path] [-M depend_file] [-MC] [-MG] [-MP] [-MT target_file] [-MQ target_file] [-o out_file] [-P include_file] [-p pad_value] [-Q fix_precision] [-r recursion_depth] [-s features:state_file] [-W warning] [-X max_errors] asmfile

DESCRIPTION
The rgbasm program creates an RGB object file from an assembly source file. The object file format is documented in rgbds(5).

The input asmfile can be a path to a file, or - to read from standard input.

Note that options can be abbreviated as long as the abbreviation is unambiguous: --verb is --verbose, but --ver is invalid because it could also be --version. The arguments are as follows:

-b chars, --binary-digits chars
    Allow two characters to be used for binary constants in addition to the default ‘0’ and ‘1’. Valid characters are numbers other than ‘0’ and ‘1’, letters, ‘’., ‘#’, or ‘@’.

-D name[=value], --define name[=value]
    Add a string symbol to the compiled source code. This is equivalent to ‘name EQUS "value"’ in code, or ‘name EQUS "1"’ if value is not specified.

-E, --export-all
    Export all labels, including unreferenced and local labels.

-g chars, --gfx-chars chars
    Allow four characters to be used for graphics constants in addition to the default ‘0’, ‘1’, ‘2’, and ‘3’. Valid characters are numbers other than ‘0’ to ‘3’, letters, ‘’., ‘#’, or ‘@’. The defaults are 0123.

-h, --help
    Print help text for the program and exit.

-I path, --include path
    Add a new “include path”; path must point to a directory. When a INCLUDE (including the implicit one from -P) or INCBIN is attempted, rgbasm first looks up the provided path from its working directory; if this fails, it tries again from each of the “include path” directories, in the order they were provided.

-M depend_file, --dependfile depend_file
    Write make(1) dependencies to depend_file.

-MC To be used in conjunction with -MG. This makes rgbasm continue processing after a non-existent dependency file, instead of exiting. Note that this is not recommended if any non-existent dependencies would have influenced subsequent processing, e.g. by causing an IF condition to take a different branch.

-MG To be used in conjunction with -M. This makes rgbasm assume that missing files are auto-generated: when INCLUDE (including the implicit one from -P) or INCBIN is attempted on a non-existent file, it is added as a dependency, then rgbasm exits normally or continues processing (depending on whether -MC was enabled) instead of erroring out. This feature is used in automatic updating of Makefiles.

-MP When enabled, this causes a phony target to be added for each dependency other than the main file. This prevents make(1) from erroring out when dependency files are deleted.

-MT target_file
    Add a target to the rules emitted by -M. The exact string provided will be written, including spaces and special characters.
        -MT fileA -MT fileB
    is equivalent to
        -MT 'fileA fileB'.
    If neither this nor -MQ is specified, the output file name is used.

-MQ target_file
    Same as -MT, but additionally escapes any special make(1) characters, essentially ‘$’.

-o out_file, --output out_file
    Write an object file to the given filename.

-P include_file, --preinclude include_file
    Pre-include a file. This acts as if a ‘INCLUDE "include_file"’ was read before the input asmfile.

-p pad_value, --pad-value pad_value
    Use this as the value for DS directives in ROM sections, unless overridden. The default is 0x00.

-Q fix_precision, --q-precision fix_precision
    Use this as the precision of fixed-point numbers after the decimal point, unless they specify their own precision. The default is 16, so fixed-point numbers are Q16.16 (since they are 32-bit integers). The argument may start with a ‘’. to match the Q notation, for example, ‘-Q .16’.

-r recursion_depth, --recursion-depth recursion_depth
    Specifies the recursion depth past which rgbasm will assume being in an infinite loop. The default is 64.

-s features:state_file, --state features:state_file
    Write the specified features to state_file, based on the final state of rgbasm at the end of its input. The expected features are a comma-separated subset of the following:

    equ Write all numeric constants as ‘def name equ value’.

    var Write all variables as ‘def name = value’.

    equs
        Write all string constants as ‘def name equs "value"’.

    char
        Write all characters as ‘charmap name, value’.

    macro
        Write all macros as ‘macro name ... endm’.

    all Acts like equ,var,equs,char,macro.

    This flag may be specified multiple times with different feature subsets to write them to different files (see EXAMPLES below).

-V, --version
    Print the version of the program and exit.

-v, --verbose
    Be verbose.

-W warning, --warning warning
    Set warning flag warning. A warning message will be printed if warning is an unknown warning flag. See the DIAGNOSTICS section for a list of warnings.

-w  Disable all warning output, even when turned into errors.

-X max_errors, --max-errors max_errors
    If more than this number of errors (not warnings) occur, then abort the assembly process; -X 0 disables this behavior. The default is 100 if rgbasm is printing errors to a terminal, and 0 otherwise.

DIAGNOSTICS
Warnings are diagnostic messages that indicate possibly erroneous behavior that does not necessarily compromise the assembling process. The following options alter the way warnings are processed.

-Werror
    Make all warnings into errors. This can be negated as -Wno-error to prevent turning all warnings into errors.

-Werror=
    Make the specified warning or meta warning into an error. A warning's name is appended (example: -Werror=obsolete), and this warning is implicitly enabled and turned into an error. This can be negated as -Wno-error= to prevent turning a specified warning into an error, even if -Werror is in effect.

The following warnings are “meta” warnings, that enable a collection of other warnings. If a specific warning is toggled via a meta flag and a specific one, the more specific one takes priority. The position on the command-line acts as a tie breaker, the last one taking effect.

-Wall
    This enables warnings that are likely to indicate an error or undesired behavior, and that can easily be fixed.

-Wextra
    This enables extra warnings that are less likely to pose a problem, but that may still be wanted.

-Weverything
    Enables literally every warning.

The following warnings are actual warning flags; with each description, the corresponding warning flag is included. Note that each of these flags also has a negation (for example, -Wcharmap-redef enables the warning that -Wno-charmap-redef disables; and -Wall enables every warning that -Wno-all disables). Only the non-default flag is listed here. Ignoring the “no-” prefix, entries are listed alphabetically.

-Wno-assert
    Warn when WARN-type assertions fail. (See “Aborting the assembly process” in rgbasm(5) for ASSERT).

-Wbackwards-for
    Warn when FOR loops have their start and stop values switched according to the step value. This warning is enabled by -Wall.

-Wbuiltin-args
    Warn about incorrect arguments to built-in functions, such as STRSLICE() with indexes outside of the string's bounds. This warning is enabled by -Wall.

-Wcharmap-redef
    Warn when re-defining a charmap mapping. This warning is enabled by -Wall.

-Wdiv
    Warn when dividing the smallest negative integer (-2**31) by -1, which yields itself due to integer overflow.

-Wempty-macro-arg
    Warn when a macro argument is empty. This warning is enabled by -Wextra.

-Wempty-strrpl
    Warn when STRRPL() is called with an empty string as its second argument (the substring to replace). This warning is enabled by -Wall.

-Wlarge-constant
    Warn when a constant too large to fit in a signed 32-bit integer is encountered. This warning is enabled by -Wall.

-Wmacro-shift
    Warn when shifting macro arguments past their limits. This warning is enabled by -Wextra.

-Wno-nested-comment
    Warn when the block comment start sequence ‘/*’ is found inside of a block comment. Block comments cannot be nested, so the first ‘*/’ will end the whole comment.

-Wno-obsolete
    Warn when obsolete constructs such as the _PI constant or PRINTT directive are encountered.

-Wnumeric-string=
    Warn when a multi-character string is treated as a number. -Wnumeric-string=0 or -Wno-numeric-string disables this warning. -Wnumeric-string=1 or just -Wnumeric-string warns about strings longer than four characters, since four or fewer characters fit within a 32-bit integer. -Wnumeric-string=2 warns about any multi-character string.

-Wpurge=
    Warn when purging symbols which are likely to have been necessary. -Wpurge=0 or -Wno-purge disables this warning. -Wpurge=1 or just -Wpurge warns when purging any exported symbol (regardless of type). -Wpurge=2 also warns when purging any label (even if not exported).

-Wshift
    Warn when shifting right a negative value. Use a division by 2**N instead.

-Wshift-amount
    Warn when a shift's operand is negative or greater than 32.

-Wtruncation=
    Warn when an implicit truncation (for example, db to an 8-bit value) loses some bits. -Wtruncation=0 or -Wno-truncation disables this warning. -Wtruncation=1 warns when an N-bit value is 2**N or greater, or less than -2**N. -Wtruncation=2 or just -Wtruncation also warns when an N-bit value is less than -2**(N-1), which will not fit in two's complement encoding.

-Wunmapped-char=
    Warn when a character goes through charmap conversion but has no defined mapping. -Wunmapped-char=0 or -Wno-unmapped-char disables this warning. -Wunmapped-char=1 or just -Wunmapped-char only warns if the active charmap is not empty. -Wunmapped-char=2 warns if the active charmap is empty, and/or is not the default charmap ‘main’.

-Wunmatched-directive
    Warn when a PUSHC, PUSHO, or PUSHS directive does not have a corresponding POPC, POPO, or POPS. This warning is enabled by -Wextra.

-Wunterminated-load
    Warn when a LOAD block is not terminated by an ENDL. This warning is enabled by -Wextra.

-Wno-user
    Warn when the WARN built-in is executed. (See “Aborting the assembly process” in rgbasm(5) for WARN).

EXAMPLES
You can assemble a source file in two ways.

Straightforward way:
    $ rgbasm -o bar.o foo.asm

Pipes way:
    $ cat foo.asm | rgbasm -o bar.o -
    $ rgbasm -o bar.o - < foo.asm

The resulting object file is not yet a usable ROM image—it must first be run through rgblink(1) and then rgbfix(1).

Writing the final assembler state to a file:
    $ rgbasm -s all:state.dump.asm foo.asm

Or to multiple files:
    $ rgbasm -s equ,var:numbers.dump.asm -s equs:strings.dump.asm foo.asm

BUGS
Please report bugs on GitHub: https://github.com/gbdev/rgbds/issues.

SEE ALSO
rgbasm(5), rgblink(1), rgbfix(1), rgbgfx(1), gbz80(7), rgbasm-old(5), rgbds(5), rgbds(7)

HISTORY
rgbasm was originally written by Carsten Sørensen as part of the ASMotor package, and was later repackaged in RGBDS by Justin Lloyd. It is now maintained by a number of contributors at https://github.com/gbdev/rgbds.