Replace RGBASM non-null pointers with references

include/asm/charmap.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ void charmap_Pop();
 void charmap_Add(char *mapping, uint8_t value);
 bool charmap_HasChar(char const *input);
 void charmap_Convert(char const *input, std::vector<uint8_t> &output);
-size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const **input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output);
+size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const *&input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output);
 
 #endif // RGBDS_ASM_CHARMAP_H

include/asm/fstack.hpp

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ std::string *fstk_FindFile(char const *path);
 
 bool yywrap();
 void fstk_RunInclude(char const *path);
-void fstk_RunMacro(char const *macroName, MacroArgs *args);
+void fstk_RunMacro(char const *macroName, MacroArgs &args);
 void fstk_RunRept(uint32_t count, int32_t reptLineNo, char const *body, size_t size);
 void fstk_RunFor(char const *symName, int32_t start, int32_t stop, int32_t step,
 		     int32_t reptLineNo, char const *body, size_t size);

include/asm/lexer.hpp

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ uint32_t lexer_GetLineNo();
 uint32_t lexer_GetColNo();
 void lexer_DumpStringExpansions();
 int yylex();
-bool lexer_CaptureRept(CaptureBody *capture);
+bool lexer_CaptureRept(CaptureBody &capture);
-bool lexer_CaptureMacroBody(CaptureBody *capture);
+bool lexer_CaptureMacroBody(CaptureBody &capture);
 
 #endif // RGBDS_ASM_LEXER_H

include/asm/output.hpp

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ extern const char *objectName;
 void out_RegisterNode(FileStackNode *node);
 void out_ReplaceNode(FileStackNode *node);
 void out_SetFileName(char *s);
-void out_CreatePatch(uint32_t type, Expression const *expr, uint32_t ofs, uint32_t pcShift);
+void out_CreatePatch(uint32_t type, Expression const &expr, uint32_t ofs, uint32_t pcShift);
-void out_CreateAssert(enum AssertionType type, Expression const *expr, char const *message, uint32_t ofs);
+void out_CreateAssert(enum AssertionType type, Expression const &expr, char const *message, uint32_t ofs);
 void out_WriteObject();
 
 #endif // RGBDS_ASM_OUTPUT_H

include/asm/rpn.hpp

@@ -23,27 +23,27 @@ struct Expression {
 	bool isDiffConstant(Symbol const *symName) const;
 };
 
-void rpn_Symbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName);
+void rpn_Number(Expression &expr, uint32_t val);
-void rpn_Number(Expression *expr, uint32_t i);
+void rpn_Symbol(Expression &expr, char const *symName);
-void rpn_LOGNOT(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_LOGNOT(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression *expr, const Expression *src1, const Expression *src2);
+void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression &expr, const Expression &src1, const Expression &src2);
-void rpn_HIGH(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_HIGH(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_LOW(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_LOW(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_ISCONST(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_ISCONST(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_NEG(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_NEG(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_NOT(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_NOT(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName);
+void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression &expr, char const *symName);
-void rpn_BankSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName);
+void rpn_BankSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName);
-void rpn_BankSelf(Expression *expr);
+void rpn_BankSelf(Expression &expr);
-void rpn_SizeOfSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName);
+void rpn_SizeOfSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName);
-void rpn_StartOfSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName);
+void rpn_StartOfSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName);
-void rpn_SizeOfSectionType(Expression *expr, enum SectionType type);
+void rpn_SizeOfSectionType(Expression &expr, enum SectionType type);
-void rpn_StartOfSectionType(Expression *expr, enum SectionType type);
+void rpn_StartOfSectionType(Expression &expr, enum SectionType type);
 
-void rpn_Free(Expression *expr);
+void rpn_Free(Expression &expr);
 
-void rpn_CheckHRAM(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_CheckHRAM(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_CheckRST(Expression *expr, const Expression *src);
+void rpn_CheckRST(Expression &expr, const Expression &src);
-void rpn_CheckNBit(Expression const *expr, uint8_t n);
+void rpn_CheckNBit(Expression const &expr, uint8_t n);
 
 #endif // RGBDS_ASM_RPN_H

include/asm/section.hpp

@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ extern Section *currentSection;
 
 Section *sect_FindSectionByName(char const *name);
 void sect_NewSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
-		     SectionSpec const *attributes, enum SectionModifier mod);
+		     SectionSpec const &attrs, enum SectionModifier mod);
 void sect_SetLoadSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
-			 SectionSpec const *attributes, enum SectionModifier mod);
+			 SectionSpec const &attrs, enum SectionModifier mod);
 void sect_EndLoadSection();
 
 Section *sect_GetSymbolSection();
@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ void sect_AbsByteGroup(uint8_t const *s, size_t length);
 void sect_AbsWordGroup(uint8_t const *s, size_t length);
 void sect_AbsLongGroup(uint8_t const *s, size_t length);
 void sect_Skip(uint32_t skip, bool ds);
-void sect_RelByte(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift);
+void sect_RelByte(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift);
 void sect_RelBytes(uint32_t n, std::vector<Expression> &exprs);
-void sect_RelWord(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift);
+void sect_RelWord(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift);
-void sect_RelLong(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift);
+void sect_RelLong(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift);
-void sect_PCRelByte(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift);
+void sect_PCRelByte(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift);
 void sect_BinaryFile(char const *s, int32_t startPos);
 void sect_BinaryFileSlice(char const *s, int32_t start_pos, int32_t length);
 

include/asm/symbol.hpp

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ struct Symbol {
 	char const *getStringValue() const { return hasCallback ? strCallback() : equs->c_str(); }
 };
 
-void sym_ForEach(void (*func)(Symbol *));
+void sym_ForEach(void (*func)(Symbol &));
 
 void sym_SetExportAll(bool set);
 Symbol *sym_AddLocalLabel(char const *symName);

src/asm/charmap.cpp

@@ -141,11 +141,11 @@ bool charmap_HasChar(char const *input)
 
 void charmap_Convert(char const *input, std::vector<uint8_t> &output)
 {
-	while (charmap_ConvertNext(&input, &output))
+	while (charmap_ConvertNext(input, &output))
 		;
 }
 
-size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const **input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output)
+size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const *&input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output)
 {
 	// The goal is to match the longest mapping possible.
 	// For that, advance through the trie with each character read.
@@ -155,13 +155,13 @@ size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const **input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output)
 	size_t matchIdx = 0;
 	size_t rewindDistance = 0;
 
-	for (size_t nodeIdx = 0; **input;) {
+	for (size_t nodeIdx = 0; *input;) {
-		nodeIdx = charmap.nodes[nodeIdx].next[(uint8_t)**input - 1];
+		nodeIdx = charmap.nodes[nodeIdx].next[(uint8_t)*input - 1];
 
 		if (!nodeIdx)
 			break;
 
-		(*input)++; // Consume that char
+		input++; // Consume that char
 
 		if (charmap.nodes[nodeIdx].isTerminal) {
 			matchIdx = nodeIdx; // This node matches, register it
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const **input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output)
 
 	// We are at a dead end (either because we reached the end of input, or of the trie),
 	// so rewind up to the last match, and output.
-	*input -= rewindDistance; // This will rewind all the way if no match found
+	input -= rewindDistance; // This will rewind all the way if no match found
 
 	if (matchIdx) { // A match was found, use it
 		if (output)
@@ -181,16 +181,16 @@ size_t charmap_ConvertNext(char const **input, std::vector<uint8_t> *output)
 
 		return 1;
 
-	} else if (**input) { // No match found, but there is some input left
+	} else if (*input) { // No match found, but there is some input left
-		int firstChar = **input;
+		int firstChar = *input;
 		// This will write the codepoint's value to `output`, little-endian
-		size_t codepointLen = readUTF8Char(output, *input);
+		size_t codepointLen = readUTF8Char(output, input);
 
 		if (codepointLen == 0)
 			error("Input string is not valid UTF-8\n");
 
 		// OK because UTF-8 has no NUL in multi-byte chars
-		*input += codepointLen;
+		input += codepointLen;
 
 		// Warn if this character is not mapped but any others are
 		if (charmap.nodes.size() > 1)

src/asm/fstack.cpp

@@ -62,23 +62,23 @@ std::string const &FileStackNode::name() const {
 	return std::get<std::string>(data);
 }
 
-static const char *dumpNodeAndParents(FileStackNode const *node)
+static const char *dumpNodeAndParents(FileStackNode const &node)
 {
 	char const *name;
 
-	if (node->type == NODE_REPT) {
+	if (node.type == NODE_REPT) {
-		assert(node->parent); // REPT nodes should always have a parent
+		assert(node.parent); // REPT nodes should always have a parent
-		std::vector<uint32_t> const &nodeIters = node->iters();
+		std::vector<uint32_t> const &nodeIters = node.iters();
 
-		name = dumpNodeAndParents(node->parent);
+		name = dumpNodeAndParents(*node.parent);
-		fprintf(stderr, "(%" PRIu32 ") -> %s", node->lineNo, name);
+		fprintf(stderr, "(%" PRIu32 ") -> %s", node.lineNo, name);
 		for (uint32_t i = nodeIters.size(); i--; )
 			fprintf(stderr, "::REPT~%" PRIu32, nodeIters[i]);
 	} else {
-		name = node->name().c_str();
+		name = node.name().c_str();
-		if (node->parent) {
+		if (node.parent) {
-			dumpNodeAndParents(node->parent);
+			dumpNodeAndParents(*node.parent);
-			fprintf(stderr, "(%" PRIu32 ") -> %s", node->lineNo, name);
+			fprintf(stderr, "(%" PRIu32 ") -> %s", node.lineNo, name);
 		} else {
 			fputs(name, stderr);
 		}
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ static const char *dumpNodeAndParents(FileStackNode const *node)
 
 void FileStackNode::dump(uint32_t curLineNo) const
 {
-	dumpNodeAndParents(this);
+	dumpNodeAndParents(*this);
 	fprintf(stderr, "(%" PRIu32 ")", curLineNo);
 }
 
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ bool yywrap()
 // Make sure not to switch the lexer state before calling this, so the saved line no is correct.
 // BE CAREFUL! This modifies the file stack directly, you should have set up the file info first.
 // Callers should set `contextStack.top().lexerState` after this so it is not `nullptr`.
-static Context &newContext(FileStackNode *fileInfo)
+static Context &newContext(FileStackNode &fileInfo)
 {
 	if (contextStack.size() > maxRecursionDepth)
 		fatalerror("Recursion limit (%zu) exceeded\n", maxRecursionDepth);
@@ -264,13 +264,13 @@ static Context &newContext(FileStackNode *fileInfo)
 
 	FileStackNode *parent = contextStack.top().fileInfo;
 
-	fileInfo->parent = parent;
+	fileInfo.parent = parent;
-	fileInfo->lineNo = lexer_GetLineNo();
+	fileInfo.lineNo = lexer_GetLineNo();
-	fileInfo->referenced = false;
+	fileInfo.referenced = false;
 
 	Context &context = contextStack.emplace();
 
-	context.fileInfo = fileInfo;
+	context.fileInfo = &fileInfo;
 	context.isForLoop = false;
 
 	return context;
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ void fstk_RunInclude(char const *path)
 	delete fullPath;
 
 	uint32_t uniqueID = contextStack.top().uniqueID;
-	Context &context = newContext(fileInfo);
+	Context &context = newContext(*fileInfo);
 
 	if (!lexer_OpenFile(context.lexerState, fileInfo->name().c_str()))
 		fatalerror("Failed to set up lexer for file include\n");
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ static void runPreIncludeFile()
 	fileInfo->data = *fullPath;
 	delete fullPath;
 
-	Context &context = newContext(fileInfo);
+	Context &context = newContext(*fileInfo);
 
 	if (!lexer_OpenFile(context.lexerState, fileInfo->name().c_str()))
 		fatalerror("Failed to set up lexer for file include\n");
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static void runPreIncludeFile()
 	context.uniqueID = macro_UndefUniqueID();
 }
 
-void fstk_RunMacro(char const *macroName, MacroArgs *args)
+void fstk_RunMacro(char const *macroName, MacroArgs &args)
 {
 	Symbol *macro = sym_FindExactSymbol(macroName);
 
@@ -394,13 +394,13 @@ void fstk_RunMacro(char const *macroName, MacroArgs *args)
 	fileInfoName.append("::");
 	fileInfoName.append(macro->name);
 
-	Context &context = newContext(fileInfo);
+	Context &context = newContext(*fileInfo);
 
 	lexer_OpenFileView(context.lexerState, "MACRO", macro->macro->data(), macro->macro->size(),
 	                   macro->fileLine);
 	lexer_SetStateAtEOL(&context.lexerState);
 	context.uniqueID = macro_UseNewUniqueID();
-	macro_UseNewArgs(args);
+	macro_UseNewArgs(&args);
 }
 
 static bool newReptContext(int32_t reptLineNo, char const *body, size_t size)
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ static bool newReptContext(int32_t reptLineNo, char const *body, size_t size)
 		fileInfo->iters().insert(fileInfo->iters().end(), RANGE(contextStack.top().fileInfo->iters()));
 	}
 
-	Context &context = newContext(fileInfo);
+	Context &context = newContext(*fileInfo);
 
 	// Correct our line number, which currently points to the `ENDR` line
 	context.fileInfo->lineNo = reptLineNo;

src/asm/lexer.cpp

@@ -2264,7 +2264,7 @@ int yylex()
 	return token;
 }
 
-static void startCapture(CaptureBody *capture)
+static void startCapture(CaptureBody &capture)
 {
 	assert(!lexerState->capturing);
 	lexerState->capturing = true;
@@ -2272,26 +2272,26 @@ static void startCapture(CaptureBody *capture)
 	lexerState->disableMacroArgs = true;
 	lexerState->disableInterpolation = true;
 
-	capture->lineNo = lexer_GetLineNo();
+	capture.lineNo = lexer_GetLineNo();
 
 	if (lexerState->isMmapped && lexerState->expansions.empty()) {
-		capture->body = &lexerState->mmap.ptr.unreferenced[lexerState->mmap.offset];
+		capture.body = &lexerState->mmap.ptr.unreferenced[lexerState->mmap.offset];
 	} else {
 		assert(lexerState->captureBuf == nullptr);
 		lexerState->captureBuf = new(std::nothrow) std::vector<char>();
 		if (!lexerState->captureBuf)
 			fatalerror("Failed to allocate capture buffer: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-		capture->body = nullptr; // Indicate to retrieve the capture buffer when done capturing
+		capture.body = nullptr; // Indicate to retrieve the capture buffer when done capturing
 	}
 }
 
-static void endCapture(CaptureBody *capture)
+static void endCapture(CaptureBody &capture)
 {
 	// This being `nullptr` means we're capturing from the capture buf, which is reallocated
 	// during the whole capture process, and so MUST be retrieved at the end
-	if (!capture->body)
+	if (!capture.body)
-		capture->body = lexerState->captureBuf->data();
+		capture.body = lexerState->captureBuf->data();
-	capture->size = lexerState->captureSize;
+	capture.size = lexerState->captureSize;
 
 	lexerState->capturing = false;
 	lexerState->captureBuf = nullptr;
@@ -2299,7 +2299,7 @@ static void endCapture(CaptureBody *capture)
 	lexerState->disableInterpolation = false;
 }
 
-bool lexer_CaptureRept(CaptureBody *capture)
+bool lexer_CaptureRept(CaptureBody &capture)
 {
 	startCapture(capture);
 
@@ -2357,7 +2357,7 @@ finish:
 	return c != EOF;
 }
 
-bool lexer_CaptureMacroBody(CaptureBody *capture)
+bool lexer_CaptureMacroBody(CaptureBody &capture)
 {
 	startCapture(capture);
 

src/asm/output.cpp

@@ -138,36 +138,36 @@ static void writesection(Section const &sect, FILE *f)
 }
 
 // Write a symbol to a file
-static void writesymbol(Symbol const *sym, FILE *f)
+static void writesymbol(Symbol const &sym, FILE *f)
 {
-	putstring(sym->name, f);
+	putstring(sym.name, f);
-	if (!sym->isDefined()) {
+	if (!sym.isDefined()) {
 		putc(SYMTYPE_IMPORT, f);
 	} else {
-		assert(sym->src->ID != (uint32_t)-1);
+		assert(sym.src->ID != (uint32_t)-1);
 
-		putc(sym->isExported ? SYMTYPE_EXPORT : SYMTYPE_LOCAL, f);
+		putc(sym.isExported ? SYMTYPE_EXPORT : SYMTYPE_LOCAL, f);
-		putlong(sym->src->ID, f);
+		putlong(sym.src->ID, f);
-		putlong(sym->fileLine, f);
+		putlong(sym.fileLine, f);
-		putlong(getSectIDIfAny(sym->getSection()), f);
+		putlong(getSectIDIfAny(sym.getSection()), f);
-		putlong(sym->value, f);
+		putlong(sym.value, f);
 	}
 }
 
-static void registerSymbol(Symbol *sym)
+static void registerSymbol(Symbol &sym)
 {
-	sym->ID = objectSymbols.size();
+	sym.ID = objectSymbols.size();
-	objectSymbols.push_back(sym);
+	objectSymbols.push_back(&sym);
-	out_RegisterNode(sym->src);
+	out_RegisterNode(sym.src);
 }
 
 // Returns a symbol's ID within the object file
 // If the symbol does not have one, one is assigned by registering the symbol
-static uint32_t getSymbolID(Symbol *sym)
+static uint32_t getSymbolID(Symbol &sym)
 {
-	if (sym->ID == (uint32_t)-1 && !sym_IsPC(sym))
+	if (sym.ID == (uint32_t)-1 && !sym_IsPC(&sym))
 		registerSymbol(sym);
-	return sym->ID;
+	return sym.ID;
 }
 
 static void writerpn(std::vector<uint8_t> &rpnexpr, const std::vector<uint8_t> &rpn)
@@ -176,9 +176,7 @@ static void writerpn(std::vector<uint8_t> &rpnexpr, const std::vector<uint8_t> &
 	size_t rpnptr = 0;
 
 	for (size_t offset = 0; offset < rpn.size(); ) {
-#define popbyte() rpn[offset++]
+		uint8_t rpndata = rpn[offset++];
-#define writebyte(byte)	rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = byte
-		uint8_t rpndata = popbyte();
 
 		switch (rpndata) {
 			Symbol *sym;
@@ -187,86 +185,84 @@ static void writerpn(std::vector<uint8_t> &rpnexpr, const std::vector<uint8_t> &
 			size_t i;
 
 		case RPN_CONST:
-			writebyte(RPN_CONST);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_CONST;
-			writebyte(popbyte());
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = rpn[offset++];
-			writebyte(popbyte());
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = rpn[offset++];
-			writebyte(popbyte());
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = rpn[offset++];
-			writebyte(popbyte());
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = rpn[offset++];
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_SYM:
 			i = 0;
 			do {
-				symName[i] = popbyte();
+				symName[i] = rpn[offset++];
 			} while (symName[i++]);
 
 			// The symbol name is always written expanded
 			sym = sym_FindExactSymbol(symName);
 			if (sym->isConstant()) {
-				writebyte(RPN_CONST);
+				rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_CONST;
 				value = sym_GetConstantValue(symName);
 			} else {
-				writebyte(RPN_SYM);
+				rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_SYM;
-				value = getSymbolID(sym);
+				value = getSymbolID(*sym);
 			}
 
-			writebyte(value & 0xFF);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value & 0xFF;
-			writebyte(value >> 8);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 8;
-			writebyte(value >> 16);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 16;
-			writebyte(value >> 24);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 24;
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_BANK_SYM:
 			i = 0;
 			do {
-				symName[i] = popbyte();
+				symName[i] = rpn[offset++];
 			} while (symName[i++]);
 
 			// The symbol name is always written expanded
 			sym = sym_FindExactSymbol(symName);
-			value = getSymbolID(sym);
+			value = getSymbolID(*sym);
 
-			writebyte(RPN_BANK_SYM);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_BANK_SYM;
-			writebyte(value & 0xFF);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value & 0xFF;
-			writebyte(value >> 8);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 8;
-			writebyte(value >> 16);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 16;
-			writebyte(value >> 24);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = value >> 24;
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_BANK_SECT:
-			writebyte(RPN_BANK_SECT);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_BANK_SECT;
 			do {
-				b = popbyte();
+				b = rpn[offset++];
-				writebyte(b);
+				rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = b;
 			} while (b != 0);
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_SIZEOF_SECT:
-			writebyte(RPN_SIZEOF_SECT);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_SIZEOF_SECT;
 			do {
-				b = popbyte();
+				b = rpn[offset++];
-				writebyte(b);
+				rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = b;
 			} while (b != 0);
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_STARTOF_SECT:
-			writebyte(RPN_STARTOF_SECT);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = RPN_STARTOF_SECT;
 			do {
-				b = popbyte();
+				b = rpn[offset++];
-				writebyte(b);
+				rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = b;
 			} while (b != 0);
 			break;
 
 		default:
-			writebyte(rpndata);
+			rpnexpr[rpnptr++] = rpndata;
 			break;
 		}
-#undef popbyte
-#undef writebyte
 	}
 }
 
-static void initpatch(Patch &patch, uint32_t type, Expression const *expr, uint32_t ofs)
+static void initpatch(Patch &patch, uint32_t type, Expression const &expr, uint32_t ofs)
 {
 	FileStackNode *node = fstk_GetFileStack();
 
@@ -279,22 +275,22 @@ static void initpatch(Patch &patch, uint32_t type, Expression const *expr, uint3
 	patch.pcSection = sect_GetSymbolSection();
 	patch.pcOffset = sect_GetSymbolOffset();
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
 		// If the RPN expr's value is known, output a constant directly
 		patch.rpn.resize(5);
 		patch.rpn[0] = RPN_CONST;
-		patch.rpn[1] = (uint32_t)(expr->val) & 0xFF;
+		patch.rpn[1] = (uint32_t)expr.val & 0xFF;
-		patch.rpn[2] = (uint32_t)(expr->val) >> 8;
+		patch.rpn[2] = (uint32_t)expr.val >> 8;
-		patch.rpn[3] = (uint32_t)(expr->val) >> 16;
+		patch.rpn[3] = (uint32_t)expr.val >> 16;
-		patch.rpn[4] = (uint32_t)(expr->val) >> 24;
+		patch.rpn[4] = (uint32_t)expr.val >> 24;
 	} else {
-		patch.rpn.resize(expr->rpnPatchSize);
+		patch.rpn.resize(expr.rpnPatchSize);
-		writerpn(patch.rpn, *expr->rpn);
+		writerpn(patch.rpn, *expr.rpn);
 	}
 }
 
 // Create a new patch (includes the rpn expr)
-void out_CreatePatch(uint32_t type, Expression const *expr, uint32_t ofs, uint32_t pcShift)
+void out_CreatePatch(uint32_t type, Expression const &expr, uint32_t ofs, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	// Add the patch to the list
 	Patch &patch = currentSection->patches.emplace_front();
@@ -308,7 +304,7 @@ void out_CreatePatch(uint32_t type, Expression const *expr, uint32_t ofs, uint32
 }
 
 // Creates an assert that will be written to the object file
-void out_CreateAssert(enum AssertionType type, Expression const *expr, char const *message, uint32_t ofs)
+void out_CreateAssert(enum AssertionType type, Expression const &expr, char const *message, uint32_t ofs)
 {
 	Assertion &assertion = assertions.emplace_front();
 
@@ -322,15 +318,15 @@ static void writeassert(Assertion &assert, FILE *f)
 	putstring(assert.message.c_str(), f);
 }
 
-static void writeFileStackNode(FileStackNode const *node, FILE *f)
+static void writeFileStackNode(FileStackNode const &node, FILE *f)
 {
-	putlong(node->parent ? node->parent->ID : (uint32_t)-1, f);
+	putlong(node.parent ? node.parent->ID : (uint32_t)-1, f);
-	putlong(node->lineNo, f);
+	putlong(node.lineNo, f);
-	putc(node->type, f);
+	putc(node.type, f);
-	if (node->type != NODE_REPT) {
+	if (node.type != NODE_REPT) {
-		putstring(node->name().c_str(), f);
+		putstring(node.name().c_str(), f);
 	} else {
-		std::vector<uint32_t> const &nodeIters = node->iters();
+		std::vector<uint32_t> const &nodeIters = node.iters();
 
 		putlong(nodeIters.size(), f);
 		// Iters are stored by decreasing depth, so reverse the order for output
@@ -339,11 +335,11 @@ static void writeFileStackNode(FileStackNode const *node, FILE *f)
 	}
 }
 
-static void registerUnregisteredSymbol(Symbol *symbol)
+static void registerUnregisteredSymbol(Symbol &sym)
 {
 	// Check for symbol->src, to skip any built-in symbol from rgbasm
-	if (symbol->src && symbol->ID == (uint32_t)-1) {
+	if (sym.src && sym.ID == (uint32_t)-1) {
-		registerSymbol(symbol);
+		registerSymbol(sym);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -374,7 +370,7 @@ void out_WriteObject()
 	for (auto it = fileStackNodes.begin(); it != fileStackNodes.end(); it++) {
 		FileStackNode const *node = *it;
 
-		writeFileStackNode(node, f);
+		writeFileStackNode(*node, f);
 
 		// The list is supposed to have decrementing IDs
 		if (it + 1 != fileStackNodes.end() && it[1]->ID != node->ID - 1)
@@ -384,7 +380,7 @@ void out_WriteObject()
 	}
 
 	for (Symbol const *sym : objectSymbols)
-		writesymbol(sym, f);
+		writesymbol(*sym, f);
 
 	for (Section &sect : sectionList)
 		writesection(sect, f);

src/asm/parser.y

@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@
 	static size_t strlenUTF8(char const *s);
 	static void strsubUTF8(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *src, uint32_t pos,
 			       uint32_t len);
-	static size_t charlenUTF8(char const *s);
+	static size_t charlenUTF8(char const *str);
 	static void charsubUTF8(char *dest, char const *src, uint32_t pos);
 	static uint32_t adjustNegativePos(int32_t pos, size_t len, char const *functionName);
 	static void strrpl(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *src, char const *old,
 			   char const *rep);
-	static void initStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList *args);
+	static void initStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList &args);
-	static void freeStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList *args);
+	static void freeStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList &args);
 	static void strfmt(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *spec,
 			   std::vector<std::variant<uint32_t, std::string>> &args);
 	static void compoundAssignment(const char *symName, enum RPNCommand op, int32_t constValue);
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ macro		: T_ID {
 			// Parsing 'macroargs' will restore the lexer's normal mode
 			lexer_SetMode(LEXER_RAW);
 		} macroargs {
-			fstk_RunMacro($1, $3);
+			fstk_RunMacro($1, *$3);
 		}
 ;
 
@@ -708,19 +708,19 @@ assert_type	: %empty { $$ = ASSERT_ERROR; }
 
 assert		: T_POP_ASSERT assert_type relocexpr {
 			if (!$3.isKnown) {
-				out_CreateAssert($2, &$3, "", sect_GetOutputOffset());
+				out_CreateAssert($2, $3, "", sect_GetOutputOffset());
 			} else if ($3.val == 0) {
 				failAssert($2);
 			}
-			rpn_Free(&$3);
+			rpn_Free($3);
 		}
 		| T_POP_ASSERT assert_type relocexpr T_COMMA string {
 			if (!$3.isKnown) {
-				out_CreateAssert($2, &$3, $5, sect_GetOutputOffset());
+				out_CreateAssert($2, $3, $5, sect_GetOutputOffset());
 			} else if ($3.val == 0) {
 				failAssertMsg($2, $5);
 			}
-			rpn_Free(&$3);
+			rpn_Free($3);
 		}
 		| T_POP_STATIC_ASSERT assert_type const {
 			if ($3 == 0)
@@ -737,13 +737,13 @@ shift		: T_POP_SHIFT { macro_ShiftCurrentArgs(1); }
 ;
 
 load		: T_POP_LOAD sectmod string T_COMMA sectiontype sectorg sectattrs {
-			sect_SetLoadSection($3, (enum SectionType)$5, $6, &$7, $2);
+			sect_SetLoadSection($3, (enum SectionType)$5, $6, $7, $2);
 		}
 		| T_POP_ENDL { sect_EndLoadSection(); }
 ;
 
 rept		: T_POP_REPT uconst T_NEWLINE {
-			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureRept(&captureBody);
+			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureRept(captureBody);
 		} endofline {
 			if ($<captureTerminated>4)
 				fstk_RunRept($2, captureBody.lineNo, captureBody.body,
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ for		: T_POP_FOR {
 		} T_ID {
 			lexer_ToggleStringExpansion(true);
 		} T_COMMA for_args T_NEWLINE {
-			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureRept(&captureBody);
+			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureRept(captureBody);
 		} endofline {
 			if ($<captureTerminated>8)
 				fstk_RunFor($3, $6.start, $6.stop, $6.step, captureBody.lineNo,
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ macrodef	: T_POP_MACRO {
 		} T_ID {
 			lexer_ToggleStringExpansion(true);
 		} T_NEWLINE {
-			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureMacroBody(&captureBody);
+			$<captureTerminated>$ = lexer_CaptureMacroBody(captureBody);
 		} endofline {
 			if ($<captureTerminated>6)
 				sym_AddMacro($3, captureBody.lineNo, captureBody.body,
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ constlist_8bit	: constlist_8bit_entry
 ;
 
 constlist_8bit_entry : reloc_8bit_no_str {
-			sect_RelByte(&$1, 0);
+			sect_RelByte($1, 0);
 		}
 		| string {
 			std::vector<uint8_t> output;
@@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@ constlist_16bit : constlist_16bit_entry
 ;
 
 constlist_16bit_entry : reloc_16bit_no_str {
-			sect_RelWord(&$1, 0);
+			sect_RelWord($1, 0);
 		}
 		| string {
 			std::vector<uint8_t> output;
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ constlist_32bit : constlist_32bit_entry
 ;
 
 constlist_32bit_entry : relocexpr_no_str {
-			sect_RelLong(&$1, 0);
+			sect_RelLong($1, 0);
 		}
 		| string {
 			std::vector<uint8_t> output;
@@ -1047,35 +1047,35 @@ constlist_32bit_entry : relocexpr_no_str {
 ;
 
 reloc_8bit	: relocexpr {
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$1, 8);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($1, 8);
 			$$ = $1;
 		}
 ;
 
 reloc_8bit_no_str : relocexpr_no_str {
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$1, 8);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($1, 8);
 			$$ = $1;
 		}
 ;
 
 reloc_8bit_offset : T_OP_ADD relocexpr {
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$2, 8);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($2, 8);
 			$$ = $2;
 		}
 		| T_OP_SUB relocexpr {
-			rpn_NEG(&$$, &$2);
+			rpn_NEG($$, $2);
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$$, 8);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($$, 8);
 		}
 ;
 
 reloc_16bit	: relocexpr {
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$1, 16);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($1, 16);
 			$$ = $1;
 		}
 ;
 
 reloc_16bit_no_str : relocexpr_no_str {
-			rpn_CheckNBit(&$1, 16);
+			rpn_CheckNBit($1, 16);
 			$$ = $1;
 		}
 ;
@@ -1086,167 +1086,167 @@ relocexpr	: relocexpr_no_str
 			std::vector<uint8_t> output;
 
 			charmap_Convert($1, output);
-			rpn_Number(&$$, str2int2(output));
+			rpn_Number($$, str2int2(output));
 		}
 ;
 
-relocexpr_no_str : scoped_anon_id { rpn_Symbol(&$$, $1); }
+relocexpr_no_str : scoped_anon_id { rpn_Symbol($$, $1); }
-		| T_NUMBER { rpn_Number(&$$, $1); }
+		| T_NUMBER { rpn_Number($$, $1); }
 		| T_OP_LOGICNOT relocexpr %prec NEG {
-			rpn_LOGNOT(&$$, &$2);
+			rpn_LOGNOT($$, $2);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICOR relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGOR, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGOR, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICAND relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGAND, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGAND, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICEQU relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGEQ, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGEQ, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICGT relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGGT, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGGT, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICLT relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGLT, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGLT, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICGE relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGGE, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGGE, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICLE relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGLE, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGLE, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_LOGICNE relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGNE, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_LOGNE, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_ADD relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_ADD, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_ADD, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_SUB relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SUB, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SUB, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_XOR relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_XOR, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_XOR, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_OR relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_OR, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_OR, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_AND relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_AND, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_AND, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_SHL relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SHL, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SHL, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_SHR relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SHR, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_SHR, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_USHR relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_USHR, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_USHR, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_MUL relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_MUL, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_MUL, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_DIV relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_DIV, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_DIV, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_MOD relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_MOD, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_MOD, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| relocexpr T_OP_EXP relocexpr {
-			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_EXP, &$$, &$1, &$3);
+			rpn_BinaryOp(RPN_EXP, $$, $1, $3);
 		}
 		| T_OP_ADD relocexpr %prec NEG { $$ = $2; }
-		| T_OP_SUB relocexpr %prec NEG { rpn_NEG(&$$, &$2); }
+		| T_OP_SUB relocexpr %prec NEG { rpn_NEG($$, $2); }
-		| T_OP_NOT relocexpr %prec NEG { rpn_NOT(&$$, &$2); }
+		| T_OP_NOT relocexpr %prec NEG { rpn_NOT($$, $2); }
-		| T_OP_HIGH T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_HIGH(&$$, &$3); }
+		| T_OP_HIGH T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_HIGH($$, $3); }
-		| T_OP_LOW T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_LOW(&$$, &$3); }
+		| T_OP_LOW T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_LOW($$, $3); }
-		| T_OP_ISCONST T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_ISCONST(&$$, &$3); }
+		| T_OP_ISCONST T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { rpn_ISCONST($$, $3); }
 		| T_OP_BANK T_LPAREN scoped_anon_id T_RPAREN {
 			// '@' is also a T_ID; it is handled here
-			rpn_BankSymbol(&$$, $3);
+			rpn_BankSymbol($$, $3);
 		}
-		| T_OP_BANK T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_BankSection(&$$, $3); }
+		| T_OP_BANK T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_BankSection($$, $3); }
-		| T_OP_SIZEOF T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_SizeOfSection(&$$, $3); }
+		| T_OP_SIZEOF T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_SizeOfSection($$, $3); }
-		| T_OP_STARTOF T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_StartOfSection(&$$, $3); }
+		| T_OP_STARTOF T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN { rpn_StartOfSection($$, $3); }
 		| T_OP_SIZEOF T_LPAREN sectiontype T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_SizeOfSectionType(&$$, (enum SectionType)$3);
+			rpn_SizeOfSectionType($$, (enum SectionType)$3);
 		}
 		| T_OP_STARTOF T_LPAREN sectiontype T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_StartOfSectionType(&$$, (enum SectionType)$3);
+			rpn_StartOfSectionType($$, (enum SectionType)$3);
 		}
 		| T_OP_DEF {
 			lexer_ToggleStringExpansion(false);
 		} T_LPAREN scoped_anon_id T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, sym_FindScopedValidSymbol($4) != nullptr);
+			rpn_Number($$, sym_FindScopedValidSymbol($4) != nullptr);
 
 			lexer_ToggleStringExpansion(true);
 		}
 		| T_OP_ROUND T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Round($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Round($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_CEIL T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Ceil($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Ceil($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_FLOOR T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Floor($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Floor($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_FDIV T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Div($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Div($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_FMUL T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Mul($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Mul($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_FMOD T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Mod($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Mod($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_POW T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Pow($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Pow($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_LOG T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Log($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Log($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_SIN T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Sin($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Sin($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_COS T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Cos($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Cos($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_TAN T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_Tan($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_Tan($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_ASIN T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_ASin($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_ASin($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_ACOS T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_ACos($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_ACos($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_ATAN T_LPAREN const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_ATan($3, $4));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_ATan($3, $4));
 		}
 		| T_OP_ATAN2 T_LPAREN const T_COMMA const opt_q_arg T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, fix_ATan2($3, $5, $6));
+			rpn_Number($$, fix_ATan2($3, $5, $6));
 		}
 		| T_OP_STRCMP T_LPAREN string T_COMMA string T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, strcmp($3, $5));
+			rpn_Number($$, strcmp($3, $5));
 		}
 		| T_OP_STRIN T_LPAREN string T_COMMA string T_RPAREN {
 			char const *p = strstr($3, $5);
 
-			rpn_Number(&$$, p ? p - $3 + 1 : 0);
+			rpn_Number($$, p ? p - $3 + 1 : 0);
 		}
 		| T_OP_STRRIN T_LPAREN string T_COMMA string T_RPAREN {
 			char const *p = strrstr($3, $5);
 
-			rpn_Number(&$$, p ? p - $3 + 1 : 0);
+			rpn_Number($$, p ? p - $3 + 1 : 0);
 		}
 		| T_OP_STRLEN T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, strlenUTF8($3));
+			rpn_Number($$, strlenUTF8($3));
 		}
 		| T_OP_CHARLEN T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, charlenUTF8($3));
+			rpn_Number($$, charlenUTF8($3));
 		}
 		| T_OP_INCHARMAP T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN {
-			rpn_Number(&$$, charmap_HasChar($3));
+			rpn_Number($$, charmap_HasChar($3));
 		}
 		| T_LPAREN relocexpr T_RPAREN { $$ = $2; }
 ;
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ string		: T_STRING
 		}
 		| T_OP_STRFMT T_LPAREN strfmt_args T_RPAREN {
 			strfmt($$, sizeof($$), $3.format->c_str(), *$3.args);
-			freeStrFmtArgList(&$3);
+			freeStrFmtArgList($3);
 		}
 		| T_POP_SECTION T_LPAREN scoped_anon_id T_RPAREN {
 			Symbol *sym = sym_FindScopedValidSymbol($3);
@@ -1350,7 +1350,7 @@ strfmt_args	: string strfmt_va_args {
 ;
 
 strfmt_va_args	: %empty {
-			initStrFmtArgList(&$$);
+			initStrFmtArgList($$);
 		}
 		| strfmt_va_args T_COMMA const_no_str {
 			$1.args->push_back((uint32_t)$3);
@@ -1363,7 +1363,7 @@ strfmt_va_args	: %empty {
 ;
 
 section		: T_POP_SECTION sectmod string T_COMMA sectiontype sectorg sectattrs {
-			sect_NewSection($3, (enum SectionType)$5, $6, &$7, $2);
+			sect_NewSection($3, (enum SectionType)$5, $6, $7, $2);
 		}
 ;
 
@@ -1462,27 +1462,27 @@ cpu_command	: z80_adc
 
 z80_adc		: T_Z80_ADC op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xCE);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_ADC op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0x88 | $2); }
 ;
 
 z80_add		: T_Z80_ADD op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xC6);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_ADD op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0x80 | $2); }
 		| T_Z80_ADD T_MODE_HL T_COMMA reg_ss { sect_AbsByte(0x09 | ($4 << 4)); }
 		| T_Z80_ADD T_MODE_SP T_COMMA reloc_8bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xE8);
-			sect_RelByte(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($4, 1);
 		}
 
 ;
 
 z80_and		: T_Z80_AND op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xE6);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_AND op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0xA0 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -1495,11 +1495,11 @@ z80_bit		: T_Z80_BIT const_3bit T_COMMA reg_r {
 
 z80_call	: T_Z80_CALL reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xCD);
-			sect_RelWord(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_CALL ccode_expr T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xC4 | ($2 << 3));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 ;
 
@@ -1508,7 +1508,7 @@ z80_ccf		: T_Z80_CCF { sect_AbsByte(0x3F); }
 
 z80_cp		: T_Z80_CP op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xFE);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_CP op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0xB8 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -1548,11 +1548,11 @@ z80_inc		: T_Z80_INC reg_r { sect_AbsByte(0x04 | ($2 << 3)); }
 
 z80_jp		: T_Z80_JP reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xC3);
-			sect_RelWord(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_JP ccode_expr T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xC2 | ($2 << 3));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_JP T_MODE_HL {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xE9);
@@ -1561,11 +1561,11 @@ z80_jp		: T_Z80_JP reloc_16bit {
 
 z80_jr		: T_Z80_JR reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x18);
-			sect_PCRelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_PCRelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_JR ccode_expr T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x20 | ($2 << 3));
-			sect_PCRelByte(&$4, 1);
+			sect_PCRelByte($4, 1);
 		}
 ;
 
@@ -1586,16 +1586,16 @@ z80_ldd		: T_Z80_LDD T_LBRACK T_MODE_HL T_RBRACK T_COMMA T_MODE_A {
 ;
 
 z80_ldio	: T_Z80_LDH T_MODE_A T_COMMA op_mem_ind {
-			rpn_CheckHRAM(&$4, &$4);
+			rpn_CheckHRAM($4, $4);
 
 			sect_AbsByte(0xF0);
-			sect_RelByte(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($4, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LDH op_mem_ind T_COMMA T_MODE_A {
-			rpn_CheckHRAM(&$2, &$2);
+			rpn_CheckHRAM($2, $2);
 
 			sect_AbsByte(0xE0);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LDH T_MODE_A T_COMMA c_ind {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xF2);
@@ -1624,24 +1624,24 @@ z80_ld		: z80_ld_mem
 
 z80_ld_hl	: T_Z80_LD T_MODE_HL T_COMMA T_MODE_SP reloc_8bit_offset {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xF8);
-			sect_RelByte(&$5, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($5, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LD T_MODE_HL T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x01 | (REG_HL << 4));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 ;
 
 z80_ld_sp	: T_Z80_LD T_MODE_SP T_COMMA T_MODE_HL { sect_AbsByte(0xF9); }
 		| T_Z80_LD T_MODE_SP T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x01 | (REG_SP << 4));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 ;
 
 z80_ld_mem	: T_Z80_LD op_mem_ind T_COMMA T_MODE_SP {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x08);
-			sect_RelWord(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LD op_mem_ind T_COMMA T_MODE_A {
 			if (optimizeLoads && $2.isKnown
@@ -1653,10 +1653,10 @@ z80_ld_mem	: T_Z80_LD op_mem_ind T_COMMA T_MODE_SP {
 				}
 				sect_AbsByte(0xE0);
 				sect_AbsByte($2.val & 0xFF);
-				rpn_Free(&$2);
+				rpn_Free($2);
 			} else {
 				sect_AbsByte(0xEA);
-				sect_RelWord(&$2, 1);
+				sect_RelWord($2, 1);
 			}
 		}
 ;
@@ -1673,7 +1673,7 @@ z80_ld_rr	: T_Z80_LD reg_rr T_COMMA T_MODE_A {
 
 z80_ld_r	: T_Z80_LD reg_r T_COMMA reloc_8bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x06 | ($2 << 3));
-			sect_RelByte(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($4, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LD reg_r T_COMMA reg_r {
 			if (($2 == REG_HL_IND) && ($4 == REG_HL_IND))
@@ -1705,25 +1705,25 @@ z80_ld_a	: T_Z80_LD reg_r T_COMMA c_ind {
 					}
 					sect_AbsByte(0xF0);
 					sect_AbsByte($4.val & 0xFF);
-					rpn_Free(&$4);
+					rpn_Free($4);
 				} else {
 					sect_AbsByte(0xFA);
-					sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+					sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 				}
 			} else {
 				error("Destination operand must be A\n");
-				rpn_Free(&$4);
+				rpn_Free($4);
 			}
 		}
 ;
 
 z80_ld_ss	: T_Z80_LD T_MODE_BC T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x01 | (REG_BC << 4));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_LD T_MODE_DE T_COMMA reloc_16bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x01 | (REG_DE << 4));
-			sect_RelWord(&$4, 1);
+			sect_RelWord($4, 1);
 		}
 		// HL is taken care of in z80_ld_hl
 		// SP is taken care of in z80_ld_sp
@@ -1734,7 +1734,7 @@ z80_nop		: T_Z80_NOP { sect_AbsByte(0x00); }
 
 z80_or		: T_Z80_OR op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xF6);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_OR op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0xB0 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -1795,18 +1795,18 @@ z80_rrca	: T_Z80_RRCA { sect_AbsByte(0x0F); }
 ;
 
 z80_rst		: T_Z80_RST reloc_8bit {
-			rpn_CheckRST(&$2, &$2);
+			rpn_CheckRST($2, $2);
 			if (!$2.isKnown)
-				sect_RelByte(&$2, 0);
+				sect_RelByte($2, 0);
 			else
 				sect_AbsByte(0xC7 | $2.val);
-			rpn_Free(&$2);
+			rpn_Free($2);
 		}
 ;
 
 z80_sbc		: T_Z80_SBC op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xDE);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_SBC op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0x98 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -1844,13 +1844,13 @@ z80_stop	: T_Z80_STOP {
 		}
 		| T_Z80_STOP reloc_8bit {
 			sect_AbsByte(0x10);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 ;
 
 z80_sub		: T_Z80_SUB op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xD6);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_SUB op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0x90 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -1863,7 +1863,7 @@ z80_swap	: T_Z80_SWAP reg_r {
 
 z80_xor		: T_Z80_XOR op_a_n {
 			sect_AbsByte(0xEE);
-			sect_RelByte(&$2, 1);
+			sect_RelByte($2, 1);
 		}
 		| T_Z80_XOR op_a_r { sect_AbsByte(0xA8 | $2); }
 ;
@@ -2092,11 +2092,11 @@ static void strsubUTF8(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *src, uint32_t pos
 	dest[destIndex] = '\0';
 }
 
-static size_t charlenUTF8(char const *s)
+static size_t charlenUTF8(char const *str)
 {
 	size_t len;
 
-	for (len = 0; charmap_ConvertNext(&s, nullptr); len++)
+	for (len = 0; charmap_ConvertNext(str, nullptr); len++)
 		;
 
 	return len;
@@ -2108,11 +2108,11 @@ static void charsubUTF8(char *dest, char const *src, uint32_t pos)
 
 	// Advance to starting position in source string.
 	for (uint32_t curPos = 1; charLen && curPos < pos; curPos++)
-		charLen = charmap_ConvertNext(&src, nullptr);
+		charLen = charmap_ConvertNext(src, nullptr);
 
 	char const *start = src;
 
-	if (!charmap_ConvertNext(&src, nullptr))
+	if (!charmap_ConvertNext(src, nullptr))
 		warning(WARNING_BUILTIN_ARG,
 			"CHARSUB: Position %" PRIu32 " is past the end of the string\n", pos);
 
@@ -2180,22 +2180,22 @@ static void strrpl(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *src, char const *old,
 	dest[i] = '\0';
 }
 
-static void initStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList *args)
+static void initStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList &args)
 {
-	args->format = new(std::nothrow) std::string();
+	args.format = new(std::nothrow) std::string();
-	if (!args->format)
+	if (!args.format)
 		fatalerror("Failed to allocate memory for STRFMT format string: %s\n",
 			   strerror(errno));
-	args->args = new(std::nothrow) std::vector<std::variant<uint32_t, std::string>>();
+	args.args = new(std::nothrow) std::vector<std::variant<uint32_t, std::string>>();
-	if (!args->args)
+	if (!args.args)
 		fatalerror("Failed to allocate memory for STRFMT arg list: %s\n",
 			   strerror(errno));
 }
 
-static void freeStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList *args)
+static void freeStrFmtArgList(StrFmtArgList &args)
 {
-	delete args->format;
+	delete args.format;
-	delete args->args;
+	delete args.args;
 }
 
 static void strfmt(char *dest, size_t destLen, char const *spec,
@@ -2275,9 +2275,9 @@ static void compoundAssignment(const char *symName, enum RPNCommand op, int32_t
 	Expression oldExpr, constExpr, newExpr;
 	int32_t newValue;
 
-	rpn_Symbol(&oldExpr, symName);
+	rpn_Symbol(oldExpr, symName);
-	rpn_Number(&constExpr, constValue);
+	rpn_Number(constExpr, constValue);
-	rpn_BinaryOp(op, &newExpr, &oldExpr, &constExpr);
+	rpn_BinaryOp(op, newExpr, oldExpr, constExpr);
 	newValue = newExpr.getConstVal();
 	sym_AddVar(symName, newValue);
 }

src/asm/rpn.cpp

@@ -22,56 +22,56 @@
 #include "opmath.hpp"
 
 // Init a RPN expression
-static void initExpression(Expression *expr)
+static void initExpression(Expression &expr)
 {
-	expr->reason = nullptr;
+	expr.reason = nullptr;
-	expr->isKnown = true;
+	expr.isKnown = true;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
-	expr->rpn = nullptr;
+	expr.rpn = nullptr;
-	expr->rpnPatchSize = 0;
+	expr.rpnPatchSize = 0;
 }
 
 // Makes an expression "not known", also setting its error message
 template<typename... Ts>
-static void makeUnknown(Expression *expr, Ts ...parts)
+static void makeUnknown(Expression &expr, Ts ...parts)
 {
-	expr->isKnown = false;
+	expr.isKnown = false;
-	expr->reason = new std::string();
+	expr.reason = new std::string();
-	if (!expr->reason)
+	if (!expr.reason)
 		fatalerror("Failed to allocate RPN error string: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-	(expr->reason->append(parts), ...);
+	(expr.reason->append(parts), ...);
 }
 
-static uint8_t *reserveSpace(Expression *expr, uint32_t size)
+static uint8_t *reserveSpace(Expression &expr, uint32_t size)
 {
-	if (!expr->rpn) {
+	if (!expr.rpn) {
-		expr->rpn = new(std::nothrow) std::vector<uint8_t>();
+		expr.rpn = new(std::nothrow) std::vector<uint8_t>();
-		if (!expr->rpn)
+		if (!expr.rpn)
 			fatalerror("Failed to allocate RPN expression: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 	}
 
-	size_t curSize = expr->rpn->size();
+	size_t curSize = expr.rpn->size();
 
-	expr->rpn->resize(curSize + size);
+	expr.rpn->resize(curSize + size);
-	return &(*expr->rpn)[curSize];
+	return &(*expr.rpn)[curSize];
 }
 
 // Free the RPN expression
-void rpn_Free(Expression *expr)
+void rpn_Free(Expression &expr)
 {
-	delete expr->rpn;
+	delete expr.rpn;
-	delete expr->reason;
+	delete expr.reason;
 	initExpression(expr);
 }
 
 // Add symbols, constants and operators to expression
-void rpn_Number(Expression *expr, uint32_t i)
+void rpn_Number(Expression &expr, uint32_t val)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
-	expr->val = i;
+	expr.val = val;
 }
 
-void rpn_Symbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
+void rpn_Symbol(Expression &expr, char const *symName)
 {
 	Symbol *sym = sym_FindScopedSymbol(symName);
 
@@ -80,14 +80,14 @@ void rpn_Symbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
 		rpn_Number(expr, 0);
 	} else if (!sym || !sym->isConstant()) {
 		initExpression(expr);
-		expr->isSymbol = true;
+		expr.isSymbol = true;
 
 		if (sym_IsPC(sym))
 			makeUnknown(expr, "PC is not constant at assembly time");
 		else
 			makeUnknown(expr, "'", symName, "' is not constant at assembly time");
 		sym = sym_Ref(symName);
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += 5; // 1-byte opcode + 4-byte symbol ID
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += 5; // 1-byte opcode + 4-byte symbol ID
 
 		size_t nameLen = strlen(sym->name) + 1; // Don't forget NUL!
 		uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, nameLen + 1);
@@ -98,29 +98,29 @@ void rpn_Symbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_BankSelf(Expression *expr)
+static void bankSelf(Expression &expr)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 
 	if (!currentSection) {
 		error("PC has no bank outside a section\n");
-		expr->val = 1;
+		expr.val = 1;
 	} else if (currentSection->bank == (uint32_t)-1) {
 		makeUnknown(expr, "Current section's bank is not known");
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_BANK_SELF;
 	} else {
-		expr->val = currentSection->bank;
+		expr.val = currentSection->bank;
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
+void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression &expr, char const *symName)
 {
 	Symbol const *sym = sym_FindScopedSymbol(symName);
 
 	// The @ symbol is treated differently.
 	if (sym_IsPC(sym)) {
-		rpn_BankSelf(expr);
+		bankSelf(expr);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
 
 		if (sym->getSection() && sym->getSection()->bank != (uint32_t)-1) {
 			// Symbol's section is known and bank is fixed
-			expr->val = sym->getSection()->bank;
+			expr.val = sym->getSection()->bank;
 		} else {
 			makeUnknown(expr, "\"", symName, "\"'s bank is not known");
-			expr->rpnPatchSize += 5; // opcode + 4-byte sect ID
+			expr.rpnPatchSize += 5; // opcode + 4-byte sect ID
 
 			size_t nameLen = strlen(sym->name) + 1; // Room for NUL!
 			uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, nameLen + 1);
@@ -147,130 +147,130 @@ void rpn_BankSymbol(Expression *expr, char const *symName)
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_BankSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName)
+void rpn_BankSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 
 	Section *section = sect_FindSectionByName(sectionName);
 
 	if (section && section->bank != (uint32_t)-1) {
-		expr->val = section->bank;
+		expr.val = section->bank;
 	} else {
 		makeUnknown(expr, "Section \"", sectionName, "\"'s bank is not known");
 
 		size_t nameLen = strlen(sectionName) + 1; // Room for NUL!
 		uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, nameLen + 1);
 
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
 		*ptr++ = RPN_BANK_SECT;
 		memcpy(ptr, sectionName, nameLen);
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_SizeOfSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName)
+void rpn_SizeOfSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 
 	Section *section = sect_FindSectionByName(sectionName);
 
 	if (section && section->isSizeKnown()) {
-		expr->val = section->size;
+		expr.val = section->size;
 	} else {
 		makeUnknown(expr, "Section \"", sectionName, "\"'s size is not known");
 
 		size_t nameLen = strlen(sectionName) + 1; // Room for NUL!
 		uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, nameLen + 1);
 
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
 		*ptr++ = RPN_SIZEOF_SECT;
 		memcpy(ptr, sectionName, nameLen);
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_StartOfSection(Expression *expr, char const *sectionName)
+void rpn_StartOfSection(Expression &expr, char const *sectionName)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 
 	Section *section = sect_FindSectionByName(sectionName);
 
 	if (section && section->org != (uint32_t)-1) {
-		expr->val = section->org;
+		expr.val = section->org;
 	} else {
 		makeUnknown(expr, "Section \"", sectionName, "\"'s start is not known");
 
 		size_t nameLen = strlen(sectionName) + 1; // Room for NUL!
 		uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, nameLen + 1);
 
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += nameLen + 1;
 		*ptr++ = RPN_STARTOF_SECT;
 		memcpy(ptr, sectionName, nameLen);
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_SizeOfSectionType(Expression *expr, enum SectionType type)
+void rpn_SizeOfSectionType(Expression &expr, enum SectionType type)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 	makeUnknown(expr, "Section type's size is not known");
 
 	uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, 2);
 
-	expr->rpnPatchSize += 2;
+	expr.rpnPatchSize += 2;
 	*ptr++ = RPN_SIZEOF_SECTTYPE;
 	*ptr++ = type;
 }
 
-void rpn_StartOfSectionType(Expression *expr, enum SectionType type)
+void rpn_StartOfSectionType(Expression &expr, enum SectionType type)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
 	makeUnknown(expr, "Section type's start is not known");
 
 	uint8_t *ptr = reserveSpace(expr, 2);
 
-	expr->rpnPatchSize += 2;
+	expr.rpnPatchSize += 2;
 	*ptr++ = RPN_STARTOF_SECTTYPE;
 	*ptr++ = type;
 }
 
-void rpn_CheckHRAM(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_CheckHRAM(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (!expr->isKnown) {
+	if (!expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_HRAM;
-	} else if (expr->val >= 0xFF00 && expr->val <= 0xFFFF) {
+	} else if (expr.val >= 0xFF00 && expr.val <= 0xFFFF) {
 		// That range is valid, but only keep the lower byte
-		expr->val &= 0xFF;
+		expr.val &= 0xFF;
-	} else if (expr->val < 0 || expr->val > 0xFF) {
+	} else if (expr.val < 0 || expr.val > 0xFF) {
-		error("Source address $%" PRIx32 " not between $FF00 to $FFFF\n", expr->val);
+		error("Source address $%" PRIx32 " not between $FF00 to $FFFF\n", expr.val);
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_CheckRST(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_CheckRST(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
 		// A valid RST address must be masked with 0x38
-		if (expr->val & ~0x38)
+		if (expr.val & ~0x38)
-			error("Invalid address $%" PRIx32 " for RST\n", expr->val);
+			error("Invalid address $%" PRIx32 " for RST\n", expr.val);
 		// The target is in the "0x38" bits, all other bits are set
-		expr->val |= 0xC7;
+		expr.val |= 0xC7;
 	} else {
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_RST;
 	}
 }
 
 // Checks that an RPN expression's value fits within N bits (signed or unsigned)
-void rpn_CheckNBit(Expression const *expr, uint8_t n)
+void rpn_CheckNBit(Expression const &expr, uint8_t n)
 {
 	assert(n != 0); // That doesn't make sense
 	assert(n < CHAR_BIT * sizeof(int)); // Otherwise `1 << n` is UB
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		int32_t val = expr->val;
+		int32_t val = expr.val;
 
 		if (val < -(1 << n) || val >= 1 << n)
 			warning(WARNING_TRUNCATION_1, "Expression must be %u-bit\n", n);
@@ -288,15 +288,15 @@ int32_t Expression::getConstVal() const
 	return val;
 }
 
-void rpn_LOGNOT(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_LOGNOT(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->val = !expr->val;
+		expr.val = !expr.val;
 	} else {
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_LOGNOT;
 	}
 }
@@ -328,164 +328,165 @@ bool Expression::isDiffConstant(Symbol const *sym) const
  *
  * @return The constant result if it can be computed, or -1 otherwise.
  */
-static int32_t tryConstMask(Expression const *lhs, Expression const *rhs)
+static int32_t tryConstMask(Expression const &lhs, Expression const &rhs)
 {
-	Symbol const *sym = lhs->symbolOf();
+	Symbol const *lhsSymbol = lhs.symbolOf();
-	Expression const *expr = rhs;
+	Symbol const *rhsSymbol = lhsSymbol ? nullptr : rhs.symbolOf();
+	bool lhsIsSymbol = lhsSymbol && lhsSymbol->getSection();
+	bool rhsIsSymbol = rhsSymbol && rhsSymbol->getSection();
+
+	if (!lhsIsSymbol && !rhsIsSymbol)
+		return -1;
 
-	if (!sym || !sym->getSection()) {
 	// If the lhs isn't a symbol, try again the other way around
-		sym = rhs->symbolOf();
+	Symbol const &sym = lhsIsSymbol ? *lhsSymbol : *rhsSymbol;
-		expr = lhs;
+	Expression const &expr = lhsIsSymbol ? rhs : lhs; // Opposite side of `sym`
 
-		if (!sym || !sym->getSection())
+	assert(sym.isNumeric());
-			return -1;
-	}
-	assert(sym->isNumeric());
 
-	if (!expr->isKnown)
+	if (!expr.isKnown)
 		return -1;
-	// We can now safely use `expr->val`
+	// We can now safely use `expr.val`
-	Section const *sect = sym->getSection();
+	Section const &sect = *sym.getSection();
-	int32_t unknownBits = (1 << 16) - (1 << sect->align); // The max alignment is 16
+	int32_t unknownBits = (1 << 16) - (1 << sect.align); // The max alignment is 16
 
 	// The mask must ignore all unknown bits
-	if ((expr->val & unknownBits) != 0)
+	if ((expr.val & unknownBits) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	// `sym->getValue()` attempts to add the section's address, but that's "-1"
+	// `sym.getValue()` attempts to add the section's address, but that's "-1"
 	// because the section is floating (otherwise we wouldn't be here)
-	assert(sect->org == (uint32_t)-1);
+	assert(sect.org == (uint32_t)-1);
-	int32_t symbolOfs = sym->getValue() + 1;
+	int32_t symbolOfs = sym.getValue() + 1;
 
-	return (symbolOfs + sect->alignOfs) & ~unknownBits;
+	return (symbolOfs + sect.alignOfs) & ~unknownBits;
 }
 
-void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression *expr, const Expression *src1, const Expression *src2)
+void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression &expr, const Expression &src1, const Expression &src2)
 {
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 	int32_t constMaskVal;
 
 	// First, check if the expression is known
-	expr->isKnown = src1->isKnown && src2->isKnown;
+	expr.isKnown = src1.isKnown && src2.isKnown;
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
 		initExpression(expr); // Init the expression to something sane
 
 		// If both expressions are known, just compute the value
-		uint32_t uleft = src1->val, uright = src2->val;
+		uint32_t uleft = src1.val, uright = src2.val;
 
 		switch (op) {
 		case RPN_LOGOR:
-			expr->val = src1->val || src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val || src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGAND:
-			expr->val = src1->val && src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val && src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGEQ:
-			expr->val = src1->val == src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val == src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGGT:
-			expr->val = src1->val > src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val > src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGLT:
-			expr->val = src1->val < src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val < src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGGE:
-			expr->val = src1->val >= src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val >= src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGLE:
-			expr->val = src1->val <= src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val <= src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_LOGNE:
-			expr->val = src1->val != src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val != src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_ADD:
-			expr->val = uleft + uright;
+			expr.val = uleft + uright;
 			break;
 		case RPN_SUB:
-			expr->val = uleft - uright;
+			expr.val = uleft - uright;
 			break;
 		case RPN_XOR:
-			expr->val = src1->val ^ src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val ^ src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_OR:
-			expr->val = src1->val | src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val | src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_AND:
-			expr->val = src1->val & src2->val;
+			expr.val = src1.val & src2.val;
 			break;
 		case RPN_SHL:
-			if (src2->val < 0)
+			if (src2.val < 0)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
 					"Shifting left by negative amount %" PRId32 "\n",
-					src2->val);
+					src2.val);
 
-			if (src2->val >= 32)
+			if (src2.val >= 32)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
-					"Shifting left by large amount %" PRId32 "\n", src2->val);
+					"Shifting left by large amount %" PRId32 "\n", src2.val);
 
-			expr->val = op_shift_left(src1->val, src2->val);
+			expr.val = op_shift_left(src1.val, src2.val);
 			break;
 		case RPN_SHR:
-			if (src1->val < 0)
+			if (src1.val < 0)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT,
-					"Shifting right negative value %" PRId32 "\n", src1->val);
+					"Shifting right negative value %" PRId32 "\n", src1.val);
 
-			if (src2->val < 0)
+			if (src2.val < 0)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
 					"Shifting right by negative amount %" PRId32 "\n",
-					src2->val);
+					src2.val);
 
-			if (src2->val >= 32)
+			if (src2.val >= 32)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
 					"Shifting right by large amount %" PRId32 "\n",
-					src2->val);
+					src2.val);
 
-			expr->val = op_shift_right(src1->val, src2->val);
+			expr.val = op_shift_right(src1.val, src2.val);
 			break;
 		case RPN_USHR:
-			if (src2->val < 0)
+			if (src2.val < 0)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
 					"Shifting right by negative amount %" PRId32 "\n",
-					src2->val);
+					src2.val);
 
-			if (src2->val >= 32)
+			if (src2.val >= 32)
 				warning(WARNING_SHIFT_AMOUNT,
 					"Shifting right by large amount %" PRId32 "\n",
-					src2->val);
+					src2.val);
 
-			expr->val = op_shift_right_unsigned(src1->val, src2->val);
+			expr.val = op_shift_right_unsigned(src1.val, src2.val);
 			break;
 		case RPN_MUL:
-			expr->val = uleft * uright;
+			expr.val = uleft * uright;
 			break;
 		case RPN_DIV:
-			if (src2->val == 0)
+			if (src2.val == 0)
 				fatalerror("Division by zero\n");
 
-			if (src1->val == INT32_MIN && src2->val == -1) {
+			if (src1.val == INT32_MIN && src2.val == -1) {
 				warning(WARNING_DIV,
 					"Division of %" PRId32 " by -1 yields %" PRId32 "\n",
 					INT32_MIN, INT32_MIN);
-				expr->val = INT32_MIN;
+				expr.val = INT32_MIN;
 			} else {
-				expr->val = op_divide(src1->val, src2->val);
+				expr.val = op_divide(src1.val, src2.val);
 			}
 			break;
 		case RPN_MOD:
-			if (src2->val == 0)
+			if (src2.val == 0)
 				fatalerror("Modulo by zero\n");
 
-			if (src1->val == INT32_MIN && src2->val == -1)
+			if (src1.val == INT32_MIN && src2.val == -1)
-				expr->val = 0;
+				expr.val = 0;
 			else
-				expr->val = op_modulo(src1->val, src2->val);
+				expr.val = op_modulo(src1.val, src2.val);
 			break;
 		case RPN_EXP:
-			if (src2->val < 0)
+			if (src2.val < 0)
 				fatalerror("Exponentiation by negative power\n");
 
-			expr->val = op_exponent(src1->val, src2->val);
+			expr.val = op_exponent(src1.val, src2.val);
 			break;
 
 		case RPN_NEG:
@@ -505,36 +506,36 @@ void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression *expr, const Expression *src1,
 			fatalerror("%d is not a binary operator\n", op);
 		}
 
-	} else if (op == RPN_SUB && src1->isDiffConstant(src2->symbolOf())) {
+	} else if (op == RPN_SUB && src1.isDiffConstant(src2.symbolOf())) {
-		Symbol const *symbol1 = src1->symbolOf();
+		Symbol const &symbol1 = *src1.symbolOf();
-		Symbol const *symbol2 = src2->symbolOf();
+		Symbol const &symbol2 = *src2.symbolOf();
 
-		expr->val = symbol1->getValue() - symbol2->getValue();
+		expr.val = symbol1.getValue() - symbol2.getValue();
-		expr->isKnown = true;
+		expr.isKnown = true;
 	} else if (op == RPN_AND && (constMaskVal = tryConstMask(src1, src2)) != -1) {
-		expr->val = constMaskVal;
+		expr.val = constMaskVal;
-		expr->isKnown = true;
+		expr.isKnown = true;
 	} else {
 		// If it's not known, start computing the RPN expression
 
 		// Convert the left-hand expression if it's constant
-		if (src1->isKnown) {
+		if (src1.isKnown) {
-			uint32_t lval = src1->val;
+			uint32_t lval = src1.val;
 			uint8_t bytes[] = {RPN_CONST, (uint8_t)lval, (uint8_t)(lval >> 8),
 					   (uint8_t)(lval >> 16), (uint8_t)(lval >> 24)};
-			expr->rpnPatchSize = sizeof(bytes);
+			expr.rpnPatchSize = sizeof(bytes);
-			expr->rpn = nullptr;
+			expr.rpn = nullptr;
 			memcpy(reserveSpace(expr, sizeof(bytes)), bytes, sizeof(bytes));
 
 			// Use the other expression's un-const reason
-			expr->reason = src2->reason;
+			expr.reason = src2.reason;
-			delete src1->reason;
+			delete src1.reason;
 		} else {
 			// Otherwise just reuse its RPN buffer
-			expr->rpnPatchSize = src1->rpnPatchSize;
+			expr.rpnPatchSize = src1.rpnPatchSize;
-			expr->rpn = src1->rpn;
+			expr.rpn = src1.rpn;
-			expr->reason = src1->reason;
+			expr.reason = src1.reason;
-			delete src2->reason;
+			delete src2.reason;
 		}
 
 		// Now, merge the right expression into the left one
@@ -543,17 +544,17 @@ void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression *expr, const Expression *src1,
 		uint32_t patchSize = 0;
 
 		// If the right expression is constant, merge a shim instead
-		uint32_t rval = src2->val;
+		uint32_t rval = src2.val;
 		uint8_t bytes[] = {RPN_CONST, (uint8_t)rval, (uint8_t)(rval >> 8),
 				   (uint8_t)(rval >> 16), (uint8_t)(rval >> 24)};
-		if (src2->isKnown) {
+		if (src2.isKnown) {
 			ptr = bytes;
 			len = sizeof(bytes);
 			patchSize = sizeof(bytes);
 		} else {
-			ptr = src2->rpn->data(); // Pointer to the right RPN
+			ptr = src2.rpn->data(); // Pointer to the right RPN
-			len = src2->rpn->size(); // Size of the right RPN
+			len = src2.rpn->size(); // Size of the right RPN
-			patchSize = src2->rpnPatchSize;
+			patchSize = src2.rpnPatchSize;
 		}
 		// Copy the right RPN and append the operator
 		uint8_t *buf = reserveSpace(expr, len + 1);
@@ -563,71 +564,71 @@ void rpn_BinaryOp(enum RPNCommand op, Expression *expr, const Expression *src1,
 			memcpy(buf, ptr, len);
 		buf[len] = op;
 
-		delete src2->rpn; // If there was none, this is `delete nullptr`
+		delete src2.rpn; // If there was none, this is `delete nullptr`
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += patchSize + 1;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += patchSize + 1;
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_HIGH(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_HIGH(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->val = (uint32_t)expr->val >> 8 & 0xFF;
+		expr.val = (uint32_t)expr.val >> 8 & 0xFF;
 	} else {
 		uint8_t bytes[] = {RPN_CONST,    8, 0, 0, 0, RPN_SHR,
 				   RPN_CONST, 0xFF, 0, 0, 0, RPN_AND};
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += sizeof(bytes);
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += sizeof(bytes);
 		memcpy(reserveSpace(expr, sizeof(bytes)), bytes, sizeof(bytes));
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_LOW(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_LOW(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->val = expr->val & 0xFF;
+		expr.val = expr.val & 0xFF;
 	} else {
 		uint8_t bytes[] = {RPN_CONST, 0xFF, 0, 0, 0, RPN_AND};
 
-		expr->rpnPatchSize += sizeof(bytes);
+		expr.rpnPatchSize += sizeof(bytes);
 		memcpy(reserveSpace(expr, sizeof(bytes)), bytes, sizeof(bytes));
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_ISCONST(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_ISCONST(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
 	initExpression(expr);
-	expr->val = src->isKnown;
+	expr.val = src.isKnown;
-	expr->isKnown = true;
+	expr.isKnown = true;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 }
 
-void rpn_NEG(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_NEG(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->val = -(uint32_t)expr->val;
+		expr.val = -(uint32_t)expr.val;
 	} else {
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_NEG;
 	}
 }
 
-void rpn_NOT(Expression *expr, const Expression *src)
+void rpn_NOT(Expression &expr, const Expression &src)
 {
-	*expr = *src;
+	expr = src;
-	expr->isSymbol = false;
+	expr.isSymbol = false;
 
-	if (expr->isKnown) {
+	if (expr.isKnown) {
-		expr->val = ~expr->val;
+		expr.val = ~expr.val;
 	} else {
-		expr->rpnPatchSize++;
+		expr.rpnPatchSize++;
 		*reserveSpace(expr, 1) = RPN_NOT;
 	}
 }

src/asm/section.cpp

@@ -74,16 +74,16 @@ attr_(warn_unused_result) static bool checkcodesection()
 	return false;
 }
 
-attr_(warn_unused_result) static bool checkSectionSize(Section const *sect, uint32_t size)
+attr_(warn_unused_result) static bool checkSectionSize(Section const &sect, uint32_t size)
 {
-	uint32_t maxSize = sectionTypeInfo[sect->type].size;
+	uint32_t maxSize = sectionTypeInfo[sect.type].size;
 
 	// If the new size is reasonable, keep going
 	if (size <= maxSize)
 		return true;
 
 	error("Section '%s' grew too big (max size = 0x%" PRIX32
-	      " bytes, reached 0x%" PRIX32 ").\n", sect->name.c_str(), maxSize, size);
+	      " bytes, reached 0x%" PRIX32 ").\n", sect.name.c_str(), maxSize, size);
 	return false;
 }
 
@@ -97,12 +97,12 @@ attr_(warn_unused_result) static bool reserveSpace(uint32_t delta_size)
 
 	// If the section has already overflowed, skip the check to avoid erroring out ad nauseam
 	if (currentSection->size != UINT32_MAX
-	 && !checkSectionSize(currentSection, curOffset + loadOffset + delta_size))
+	 && !checkSectionSize(*currentSection, curOffset + loadOffset + delta_size))
 		// Mark the section as overflowed, to avoid repeating the error
 		currentSection->size = UINT32_MAX;
 
 	if (currentLoadSection && currentLoadSection->size != UINT32_MAX
-	 && !checkSectionSize(currentLoadSection, curOffset + delta_size))
+	 && !checkSectionSize(*currentLoadSection, curOffset + delta_size))
 		currentLoadSection->size = UINT32_MAX;
 
 	return currentSection->size != UINT32_MAX
@@ -119,13 +119,12 @@ Section *sect_FindSectionByName(char const *name)
 }
 
 #define mask(align) ((1U << (align)) - 1)
-#define fail(...) \
+#define fail(...) do { \
-do { \
 	error(__VA_ARGS__); \
 	nbSectErrors++; \
 } while (0)
 
-static unsigned int mergeSectUnion(Section *sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
+static unsigned int mergeSectUnion(Section &sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
 				   uint8_t alignment, uint16_t alignOffset)
 {
 	assert(alignment < 16); // Should be ensured by the caller
@@ -138,39 +137,38 @@ static unsigned int mergeSectUnion(Section *sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_
 
 	if (org != (uint32_t)-1) {
 		// If both are fixed, they must be the same
-		if (sect->org != (uint32_t)-1 && sect->org != org)
+		if (sect.org != (uint32_t)-1 && sect.org != org)
 			fail("Section already declared as fixed at different address $%04"
-			     PRIx32 "\n", sect->org);
+			     PRIx32 "\n", sect.org);
-		else if (sect->align != 0 && (mask(sect->align) & (org - sect->alignOfs)))
+		else if (sect.align != 0 && (mask(sect.align) & (org - sect.alignOfs)))
 			fail("Section already declared as aligned to %u bytes (offset %"
-				   PRIu16 ")\n", 1U << sect->align, sect->alignOfs);
+				   PRIu16 ")\n", 1U << sect.align, sect.alignOfs);
 		else
 			// Otherwise, just override
-			sect->org = org;
+			sect.org = org;
 
 	} else if (alignment != 0) {
 		// Make sure any fixed address given is compatible
-		if (sect->org != (uint32_t)-1) {
+		if (sect.org != (uint32_t)-1) {
-			if ((sect->org - alignOffset) & mask(alignment))
+			if ((sect.org - alignOffset) & mask(alignment))
 				fail("Section already declared as fixed at incompatible address $%04"
-				     PRIx32 "\n", sect->org);
+				     PRIx32 "\n", sect.org);
 		// Check if alignment offsets are compatible
-		} else if ((alignOffset & mask(sect->align))
+		} else if ((alignOffset & mask(sect.align)) != (sect.alignOfs & mask(alignment))) {
-			   != (sect->alignOfs & mask(alignment))) {
 			fail("Section already declared with incompatible %u"
 			     "-byte alignment (offset %" PRIu16 ")\n",
-			     1U << sect->align, sect->alignOfs);
+			     1U << sect.align, sect.alignOfs);
-		} else if (alignment > sect->align) {
+		} else if (alignment > sect.align) {
 			// If the section is not fixed, its alignment is the largest of both
-			sect->align = alignment;
+			sect.align = alignment;
-			sect->alignOfs = alignOffset;
+			sect.alignOfs = alignOffset;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nbSectErrors;
 }
 
-static unsigned int mergeFragments(Section *sect, uint32_t org, uint8_t alignment, uint16_t alignOffset)
+static unsigned int mergeFragments(Section &sect, uint32_t org, uint8_t alignment, uint16_t alignOffset)
 {
 	assert(alignment < 16); // Should be ensured by the caller
 	unsigned int nbSectErrors = 0;
@@ -179,55 +177,55 @@ static unsigned int mergeFragments(Section *sect, uint32_t org, uint8_t alignmen
 	// combination of both.
 	// The merging is however performed at the *end* of the original section!
 	if (org != (uint32_t)-1) {
-		uint16_t curOrg = org - sect->size;
+		uint16_t curOrg = org - sect.size;
 
 		// If both are fixed, they must be the same
-		if (sect->org != (uint32_t)-1 && sect->org != curOrg)
+		if (sect.org != (uint32_t)-1 && sect.org != curOrg)
 			fail("Section already declared as fixed at incompatible address $%04"
-			     PRIx32 "\n", sect->org);
+			     PRIx32 "\n", sect.org);
-		else if (sect->align != 0 && (mask(sect->align) & (curOrg - sect->alignOfs)))
+		else if (sect.align != 0 && (mask(sect.align) & (curOrg - sect.alignOfs)))
 			fail("Section already declared as aligned to %u bytes (offset %"
-			     PRIu16 ")\n", 1U << sect->align, sect->alignOfs);
+			     PRIu16 ")\n", 1U << sect.align, sect.alignOfs);
 		else
 			// Otherwise, just override
-			sect->org = curOrg;
+			sect.org = curOrg;
 
 	} else if (alignment != 0) {
-		int32_t curOfs = (alignOffset - sect->size) % (1U << alignment);
+		int32_t curOfs = (alignOffset - sect.size) % (1U << alignment);
 
 		if (curOfs < 0)
 			curOfs += 1U << alignment;
 
 		// Make sure any fixed address given is compatible
-		if (sect->org != (uint32_t)-1) {
+		if (sect.org != (uint32_t)-1) {
-			if ((sect->org - curOfs) & mask(alignment))
+			if ((sect.org - curOfs) & mask(alignment))
 				fail("Section already declared as fixed at incompatible address $%04"
-				     PRIx32 "\n", sect->org);
+				     PRIx32 "\n", sect.org);
 		// Check if alignment offsets are compatible
-		} else if ((curOfs & mask(sect->align)) != (sect->alignOfs & mask(alignment))) {
+		} else if ((curOfs & mask(sect.align)) != (sect.alignOfs & mask(alignment))) {
 			fail("Section already declared with incompatible %u"
 			     "-byte alignment (offset %" PRIu16 ")\n",
-			     1U << sect->align, sect->alignOfs);
+			     1U << sect.align, sect.alignOfs);
-		} else if (alignment > sect->align) {
+		} else if (alignment > sect.align) {
 			// If the section is not fixed, its alignment is the largest of both
-			sect->align = alignment;
+			sect.align = alignment;
-			sect->alignOfs = curOfs;
+			sect.alignOfs = curOfs;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nbSectErrors;
 }
 
-static void mergeSections(Section *sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org, uint32_t bank,
+static void mergeSections(Section &sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org, uint32_t bank,
 			  uint8_t alignment, uint16_t alignOffset, enum SectionModifier mod)
 {
 	unsigned int nbSectErrors = 0;
 
-	if (type != sect->type)
+	if (type != sect.type)
-		fail("Section already exists but with type %s\n", sectionTypeInfo[sect->type].name.c_str());
+		fail("Section already exists but with type %s\n", sectionTypeInfo[sect.type].name.c_str());
 
-	if (sect->modifier != mod) {
+	if (sect.modifier != mod) {
-		fail("Section already declared as %s section\n", sectionModNames[sect->modifier]);
+		fail("Section already declared as %s section\n", sectionModNames[sect.modifier]);
 	} else {
 		switch (mod) {
 		case SECTION_UNION:
@@ -239,17 +237,17 @@ static void mergeSections(Section *sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org, ui
 			// Common checks
 
 			// If the section's bank is unspecified, override it
-			if (sect->bank == (uint32_t)-1)
+			if (sect.bank == (uint32_t)-1)
-				sect->bank = bank;
+				sect.bank = bank;
 			// If both specify a bank, it must be the same one
-			else if (bank != (uint32_t)-1 && sect->bank != bank)
+			else if (bank != (uint32_t)-1 && sect.bank != bank)
 				fail("Section already declared with different bank %" PRIu32 "\n",
-				     sect->bank);
+				     sect.bank);
 			break;
 
 		case SECTION_NORMAL:
 			fail("Section already defined previously at ");
-			sect->src->dump(sect->fileLine);
+			sect.src->dump(sect.fileLine);
 			putc('\n', stderr);
 			break;
 		}
@@ -257,7 +255,7 @@ static void mergeSections(Section *sect, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org, ui
 
 	if (nbSectErrors)
 		fatalerror("Cannot create section \"%s\" (%u error%s)\n",
-			   sect->name.c_str(), nbSectErrors, nbSectErrors == 1 ? "" : "s");
+			   sect.name.c_str(), nbSectErrors, nbSectErrors == 1 ? "" : "s");
 }
 
 #undef fail
@@ -289,11 +287,11 @@ static Section *createSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t
 
 // Find a section by name and type. If it doesn't exist, create it.
 static Section *getSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
-			   SectionSpec const *attrs, enum SectionModifier mod)
+			   SectionSpec const &attrs, enum SectionModifier mod)
 {
-	uint32_t bank = attrs->bank;
+	uint32_t bank = attrs.bank;
-	uint8_t alignment = attrs->alignment;
+	uint8_t alignment = attrs.alignment;
-	uint16_t alignOffset = attrs->alignOfs;
+	uint16_t alignOffset = attrs.alignOfs;
 
 	// First, validate parameters, and normalize them if applicable
 
@@ -354,7 +352,7 @@ static Section *getSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org
 	Section *sect = sect_FindSectionByName(name);
 
 	if (sect) {
-		mergeSections(sect, type, org, bank, alignment, alignOffset, mod);
+		mergeSections(*sect, type, org, bank, alignment, alignOffset, mod);
 	} else {
 		sect = createSection(name, type, org, bank, alignment, alignOffset, mod);
 	}
@@ -392,7 +390,7 @@ bool Section::isSizeKnown() const
 
 // Set the current section by name and type
 void sect_NewSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
-		     SectionSpec const *attribs, enum SectionModifier mod)
+		     SectionSpec const &attrs, enum SectionModifier mod)
 {
 	if (currentLoadSection)
 		fatalerror("Cannot change the section within a `LOAD` block\n");
@@ -402,7 +400,7 @@ void sect_NewSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
 			fatalerror("Section '%s' is already on the stack\n", name);
 	}
 
-	Section *sect = getSection(name, type, org, attribs, mod);
+	Section *sect = getSection(name, type, org, attrs, mod);
 
 	changeSection();
 	curOffset = mod == SECTION_UNION ? 0 : sect->size;
@@ -412,7 +410,7 @@ void sect_NewSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
 
 // Set the current section by name and type
 void sect_SetLoadSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
-			 SectionSpec const *attribs, enum SectionModifier mod)
+			 SectionSpec const &attrs, enum SectionModifier mod)
 {
 	// Important info: currently, UNION and LOAD cannot interact, since UNION is prohibited in
 	// "code" sections, whereas LOAD is restricted to them.
@@ -437,7 +435,7 @@ void sect_SetLoadSection(char const *name, enum SectionType type, uint32_t org,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	Section *sect = getSection(name, type, org, attribs, mod);
+	Section *sect = getSection(name, type, org, attrs, mod);
 
 	currentLoadScope = sym_GetCurrentSymbolScope();
 	changeSection();
@@ -557,7 +555,7 @@ static void writelong(uint32_t b)
 	writebyte(b >> 24);
 }
 
-static void createPatch(enum PatchType type, Expression const *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
+static void createPatch(enum PatchType type, Expression const &expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	out_CreatePatch(type, expr, sect_GetOutputOffset(), pcShift);
 }
@@ -683,18 +681,18 @@ void sect_Skip(uint32_t skip, bool ds)
 
 // Output a relocatable byte. Checking will be done to see if it
 // is an absolute value in disguise.
-void sect_RelByte(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
+void sect_RelByte(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	if (!checkcodesection())
 		return;
 	if (!reserveSpace(1))
 		return;
 
-	if (!expr->isKnown) {
+	if (!expr.isKnown) {
 		createPatch(PATCHTYPE_BYTE, expr, pcShift);
 		writebyte(0);
 	} else {
-		writebyte(expr->val);
+		writebyte(expr.val);
 	}
 	rpn_Free(expr);
 }
@@ -712,7 +710,7 @@ void sect_RelBytes(uint32_t n, std::vector<Expression> &exprs)
 		Expression &expr = exprs[i % exprs.size()];
 
 		if (!expr.isKnown) {
-			createPatch(PATCHTYPE_BYTE, &expr, i);
+			createPatch(PATCHTYPE_BYTE, expr, i);
 			writebyte(0);
 		} else {
 			writebyte(expr.val);
@@ -720,48 +718,48 @@ void sect_RelBytes(uint32_t n, std::vector<Expression> &exprs)
 	}
 
 	for (Expression &expr : exprs)
-		rpn_Free(&expr);
+		rpn_Free(expr);
 }
 
 // Output a relocatable word. Checking will be done to see if
 // it's an absolute value in disguise.
-void sect_RelWord(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
+void sect_RelWord(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	if (!checkcodesection())
 		return;
 	if (!reserveSpace(2))
 		return;
 
-	if (!expr->isKnown) {
+	if (!expr.isKnown) {
 		createPatch(PATCHTYPE_WORD, expr, pcShift);
 		writeword(0);
 	} else {
-		writeword(expr->val);
+		writeword(expr.val);
 	}
 	rpn_Free(expr);
 }
 
 // Output a relocatable longword. Checking will be done to see if
 // is an absolute value in disguise.
-void sect_RelLong(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
+void sect_RelLong(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	if (!checkcodesection())
 		return;
 	if (!reserveSpace(2))
 		return;
 
-	if (!expr->isKnown) {
+	if (!expr.isKnown) {
 		createPatch(PATCHTYPE_LONG, expr, pcShift);
 		writelong(0);
 	} else {
-		writelong(expr->val);
+		writelong(expr.val);
 	}
 	rpn_Free(expr);
 }
 
 // Output a PC-relative relocatable byte. Checking will be done to see if it
 // is an absolute value in disguise.
-void sect_PCRelByte(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
+void sect_PCRelByte(Expression &expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 {
 	if (!checkcodesection())
 		return;
@@ -769,11 +767,11 @@ void sect_PCRelByte(Expression *expr, uint32_t pcShift)
 		return;
 	Symbol const *pc = sym_GetPC();
 
-	if (!expr->isDiffConstant(pc)) {
+	if (!expr.isDiffConstant(pc)) {
 		createPatch(PATCHTYPE_JR, expr, pcShift);
 		writebyte(0);
 	} else {
-		Symbol const *sym = expr->symbolOf();
+		Symbol const *sym = expr.symbolOf();
 		// The offset wraps (jump from ROM to HRAM, for example)
 		int16_t offset;
 

src/asm/symbol.cpp

@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ bool sym_IsPC(Symbol const *sym)
 	return sym == PCSymbol;
 }
 
-void sym_ForEach(void (*callback)(Symbol *))
+void sym_ForEach(void (*callback)(Symbol &))
 {
 	for (auto &it : symbols)
-		callback(&it.second);
+		callback(it.second);
 }
 
 static int32_t Callback_NARG()
@@ -77,37 +77,37 @@ int32_t Symbol::getValue() const
 	return value;
 }
 
-static void dumpFilename(Symbol const *sym)
+static void dumpFilename(Symbol const &sym)
 {
-	if (sym->src)
+	if (sym.src)
-		sym->src->dump(sym->fileLine);
+		sym.src->dump(sym.fileLine);
-	else if (sym->fileLine == 0)
+	else if (sym.fileLine == 0)
 		fputs("<command-line>", stderr);
 	else
 		fputs("<builtin>", stderr);
 }
 
 // Set a symbol's definition filename and line
-static void setSymbolFilename(Symbol *sym)
+static void setSymbolFilename(Symbol &sym)
 {
-	sym->src = fstk_GetFileStack(); // This is `nullptr` for built-ins
+	sym.src = fstk_GetFileStack(); // This is `nullptr` for built-ins
-	sym->fileLine = sym->src ? lexer_GetLineNo() : 0; // This is 1 for built-ins
+	sym.fileLine = sym.src ? lexer_GetLineNo() : 0; // This is 1 for built-ins
 }
 
 // Update a symbol's definition filename and line
-static void updateSymbolFilename(Symbol *sym)
+static void updateSymbolFilename(Symbol &sym)
 {
-	FileStackNode *oldSrc = sym->src;
+	FileStackNode *oldSrc = sym.src;
 
 	setSymbolFilename(sym);
 	// If the old node was referenced, ensure the new one is
 	if (oldSrc && oldSrc->referenced && oldSrc->ID != (uint32_t)-1)
-		out_RegisterNode(sym->src);
+		out_RegisterNode(sym.src);
 	// TODO: unref the old node, and use `out_ReplaceNode` instead of deleting it
 }
 
 // Create a new symbol by name
-static Symbol *createsymbol(char const *symName)
+static Symbol &createsymbol(char const *symName)
 {
 	Symbol &sym = symbols[symName];
 
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ static Symbol *createsymbol(char const *symName)
 	sym.isBuiltin = false;
 	sym.hasCallback = false;
 	sym.section = nullptr;
-	setSymbolFilename(&sym);
+	setSymbolFilename(sym);
 	sym.ID = -1;
 
-	return &sym;
+	return sym;
 }
 
 // Creates the full name of a local symbol in a given scope, by prepending
@@ -137,11 +137,11 @@ static void fullSymbolName(char *output, size_t outputSize,
 		fatalerror("Symbol name is too long: '%s%s'\n", scopeName, localName);
 }
 
-static void assignStringSymbol(Symbol *sym, char const *value)
+static void assignStringSymbol(Symbol &sym, char const *value)
 {
-	sym->type = SYM_EQUS;
+	sym.type = SYM_EQUS;
-	sym->equs = new(std::nothrow) std::string(value);
+	sym.equs = new(std::nothrow) std::string(value);
-	if (!sym->equs)
+	if (!sym.equs)
 		fatalerror("No memory for string equate: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 }
 
@@ -188,11 +188,6 @@ Symbol const *sym_GetPC()
 	return PCSymbol;
 }
 
-static bool isReferenced(Symbol const *sym)
-{
-	return sym->ID != (uint32_t)-1;
-}
-
 // Purge a symbol
 void sym_Purge(std::string const &symName)
 {
@@ -202,7 +197,7 @@ void sym_Purge(std::string const &symName)
 		error("'%s' not defined\n", symName.c_str());
 	} else if (sym->isBuiltin) {
 		error("Built-in symbol '%s' cannot be purged\n", symName.c_str());
-	} else if (isReferenced(sym)) {
+	} else if (sym->ID != (uint32_t)-1) {
 		error("Symbol \"%s\" is referenced and thus cannot be purged\n", symName.c_str());
 	} else {
 		// Do not keep a reference to the label's name after purging it
@@ -274,16 +269,16 @@ static Symbol *createNonrelocSymbol(char const *symName, bool numeric)
 	Symbol *sym = sym_FindExactSymbol(symName);
 
 	if (!sym) {
-		sym = createsymbol(symName);
+		sym = &createsymbol(symName);
 	} else if (sym->isDefined()) {
 		error("'%s' already defined at ", symName);
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return nullptr; // Don't allow overriding the symbol, that'd be bad!
 	} else if (!numeric) {
 		// The symbol has already been referenced, but it's not allowed
 		error("'%s' already referenced at ", symName);
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return nullptr; // Don't allow overriding the symbol, that'd be bad!
 	}
@@ -314,7 +309,7 @@ Symbol *sym_RedefEqu(char const *symName, int32_t value)
 
 	if (sym->isDefined() && sym->type != SYM_EQU) {
 		error("'%s' already defined as non-EQU at ", symName);
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return nullptr;
 	} else if (sym->isBuiltin) {
@@ -322,7 +317,7 @@ Symbol *sym_RedefEqu(char const *symName, int32_t value)
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-	updateSymbolFilename(sym);
+	updateSymbolFilename(*sym);
 	sym->type = SYM_EQU;
 	sym->value = value;
 
@@ -348,7 +343,7 @@ Symbol *sym_AddString(char const *symName, char const *value)
 	if (!sym)
 		return nullptr;
 
-	assignStringSymbol(sym, value);
+	assignStringSymbol(*sym, value);
 	return sym;
 }
 
@@ -364,7 +359,7 @@ Symbol *sym_RedefString(char const *symName, char const *value)
 			error("'%s' already defined as non-EQUS at ", symName);
 		else
 			error("'%s' already referenced at ", symName);
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return nullptr;
 	} else if (sym->isBuiltin) {
@@ -372,10 +367,10 @@ Symbol *sym_RedefString(char const *symName, char const *value)
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-	updateSymbolFilename(sym);
+	updateSymbolFilename(*sym);
 	// FIXME: this leaks the previous `sym->equs`, but this can't delete it because the
 	// expansion may be redefining itself.
-	assignStringSymbol(sym, value);
+	assignStringSymbol(*sym, value);
 
 	return sym;
 }
@@ -386,15 +381,15 @@ Symbol *sym_AddVar(char const *symName, int32_t value)
 	Symbol *sym = sym_FindExactSymbol(symName);
 
 	if (!sym) {
-		sym = createsymbol(symName);
+		sym = &createsymbol(symName);
 	} else if (sym->isDefined() && sym->type != SYM_VAR) {
 		error("'%s' already defined as %s at ",
 		      symName, sym->type == SYM_LABEL ? "label" : "constant");
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return sym;
 	} else {
-		updateSymbolFilename(sym);
+		updateSymbolFilename(*sym);
 	}
 
 	sym->type = SYM_VAR;
@@ -414,14 +409,14 @@ static Symbol *addLabel(char const *symName)
 	Symbol *sym = sym_FindExactSymbol(symName);
 
 	if (!sym) {
-		sym = createsymbol(symName);
+		sym = &createsymbol(symName);
 	} else if (sym->isDefined()) {
 		error("'%s' already defined at ", symName);
-		dumpFilename(sym);
+		dumpFilename(*sym);
 		putc('\n', stderr);
 		return nullptr;
 	} else {
-		updateSymbolFilename(sym);
+		updateSymbolFilename(*sym);
 	}
 	// If the symbol already exists as a ref, just "take over" it
 	sym->type = SYM_LABEL;
@@ -550,7 +545,7 @@ Symbol *sym_AddMacro(char const *symName, int32_t defLineNo, char const *body, s
 	if (!sym->macro)
 		fatalerror("No memory for macro: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
-	setSymbolFilename(sym); // TODO: is this really necessary?
+	setSymbolFilename(*sym); // TODO: is this really necessary?
 	// The symbol is created at the line after the `endm`,
 	// override this with the actual definition line
 	sym->fileLine = defLineNo;
@@ -574,7 +569,7 @@ Symbol *sym_Ref(char const *symName)
 			symName = fullname;
 		}
 
-		sym = createsymbol(symName);
+		sym = &createsymbol(symName);
 		sym->type = SYM_REF;
 	}
 
@@ -589,7 +584,7 @@ void sym_SetExportAll(bool set)
 
 static Symbol *createBuiltinSymbol(char const *symName)
 {
-	Symbol *sym = createsymbol(symName);
+	Symbol *sym = &createsymbol(symName);
 
 	sym->isBuiltin = true;
 	sym->hasCallback = true;
@@ -602,7 +597,6 @@ static Symbol *createBuiltinSymbol(char const *symName)
 // Initialize the symboltable
 void sym_Init(time_t now)
 {
-
 	PCSymbol = createBuiltinSymbol("@");
 	PCSymbol->type = SYM_LABEL;
 	PCSymbol->numCallback = CallbackPC;