Run gcc static analysis in CI (#1587)

.github/workflows/analysis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Static analysis
+on:
+  - push
+  - pull_request
+
+jobs:
+  analysis:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install deps
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          ./.github/scripts/install_deps.sh ubuntu-latest
+      - name: Static analysis
+        run: | # Silence warnings with too many false positives (https://stackoverflow.com/a/73913076)
+          make -kj CXX=g++-14 CXXFLAGS="-fanalyzer -fanalyzer-verbosity=0 -Wno-analyzer-use-of-uninitialized-value -DNDEBUG" Q=